Zep: A Temporal Knowledge Graph Architecture for Agent Memory

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Main Authors: Rasmussen, Preston, Paliychuk, Pavlo, Beauvais, Travis, Ryan, Jack, Chalef, Daniel
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Rasmussen, Preston
Paliychuk, Pavlo
Beauvais, Travis
Ryan, Jack
Chalef, Daniel
author_facet Rasmussen, Preston
Paliychuk, Pavlo
Beauvais, Travis
Ryan, Jack
Chalef, Daniel
contents We introduce Zep, a novel memory layer service for AI agents that outperforms the current state-of-the-art system, MemGPT, in the Deep Memory Retrieval (DMR) benchmark. Additionally, Zep excels in more comprehensive and challenging evaluations than DMR that better reflect real-world enterprise use cases. While existing retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) frameworks for large language model (LLM)-based agents are limited to static document retrieval, enterprise applications demand dynamic knowledge integration from diverse sources including ongoing conversations and business data. Zep addresses this fundamental limitation through its core component Graphiti -- a temporally-aware knowledge graph engine that dynamically synthesizes both unstructured conversational data and structured business data while maintaining historical relationships. In the DMR benchmark, which the MemGPT team established as their primary evaluation metric, Zep demonstrates superior performance (94.8% vs 93.4%). Beyond DMR, Zep's capabilities are further validated through the more challenging LongMemEval benchmark, which better reflects enterprise use cases through complex temporal reasoning tasks. In this evaluation, Zep achieves substantial results with accuracy improvements of up to 18.5% while simultaneously reducing response latency by 90% compared to baseline implementations. These results are particularly pronounced in enterprise-critical tasks such as cross-session information synthesis and long-term context maintenance, demonstrating Zep's effectiveness for deployment in real-world applications.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2501_13956
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Zep: A Temporal Knowledge Graph Architecture for Agent Memory
Rasmussen, Preston
Paliychuk, Pavlo
Beauvais, Travis
Ryan, Jack
Chalef, Daniel
Computation and Language
Artificial Intelligence
Information Retrieval
We introduce Zep, a novel memory layer service for AI agents that outperforms the current state-of-the-art system, MemGPT, in the Deep Memory Retrieval (DMR) benchmark. Additionally, Zep excels in more comprehensive and challenging evaluations than DMR that better reflect real-world enterprise use cases. While existing retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) frameworks for large language model (LLM)-based agents are limited to static document retrieval, enterprise applications demand dynamic knowledge integration from diverse sources including ongoing conversations and business data. Zep addresses this fundamental limitation through its core component Graphiti -- a temporally-aware knowledge graph engine that dynamically synthesizes both unstructured conversational data and structured business data while maintaining historical relationships. In the DMR benchmark, which the MemGPT team established as their primary evaluation metric, Zep demonstrates superior performance (94.8% vs 93.4%). Beyond DMR, Zep's capabilities are further validated through the more challenging LongMemEval benchmark, which better reflects enterprise use cases through complex temporal reasoning tasks. In this evaluation, Zep achieves substantial results with accuracy improvements of up to 18.5% while simultaneously reducing response latency by 90% compared to baseline implementations. These results are particularly pronounced in enterprise-critical tasks such as cross-session information synthesis and long-term context maintenance, demonstrating Zep's effectiveness for deployment in real-world applications.
title Zep: A Temporal Knowledge Graph Architecture for Agent Memory
topic Computation and Language
Artificial Intelligence
Information Retrieval
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.13956