Primordial gravitational waves from spontaneous Lorentz symmetry breaking
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| author | Khodadi, Mohsen Lambiase, Gaetano Mastrototaro, Leonardo Poddar, Tanmay Kumar |
| author_facet | Khodadi, Mohsen Lambiase, Gaetano Mastrototaro, Leonardo Poddar, Tanmay Kumar |
| contents | We study the effect of Spontaneous Lorentz Symmetry Breaking (SLSB) on Primordial Gravitational Waves (PGWs) generated during inflation. The SLSB is induced by a time-like Bumblebee vector field which is non-minimally coupled to the Ricci tensor in the Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker background. The power spectrum and GW amplitude are computed to investigate how Lorentz violation leaves observable imprints. We calculate the GW strain amplitude over frequencies $(10^{-10}~\mathrm{Hz}, 10^4~\mathrm{Hz})$, for a range of the dimensionless Lorentz-violating parameter, $ -10^{-3} \leq l \leq 10^{-4} $, which essentially comes from a slight sensitivity to the equation of state for dark energy. For positive $ l $ values, the amplitude of GW shows a mild suppression compared to the standard cosmological scenario $( l = 0) $. This effect could be observable with detectors like SKA, $μ$-Ares, and BBO. Conversely, negative $ l $ values amplify the GW amplitude, enhancing detectability by both SKA, $μ$-Ares, and BBO, as well as by THEIA and DECIGO. Notably, the GW strain amplitude increases by an order of magnitude as $ l $ moves from 0 to $ -10^{-3} $, improving prospects for detection in high-sensitivity detectors like THEIA and DECIGO. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2501_14395 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Primordial gravitational waves from spontaneous Lorentz symmetry breaking Khodadi, Mohsen Lambiase, Gaetano Mastrototaro, Leonardo Poddar, Tanmay Kumar Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology High Energy Physics - Phenomenology We study the effect of Spontaneous Lorentz Symmetry Breaking (SLSB) on Primordial Gravitational Waves (PGWs) generated during inflation. The SLSB is induced by a time-like Bumblebee vector field which is non-minimally coupled to the Ricci tensor in the Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker background. The power spectrum and GW amplitude are computed to investigate how Lorentz violation leaves observable imprints. We calculate the GW strain amplitude over frequencies $(10^{-10}~\mathrm{Hz}, 10^4~\mathrm{Hz})$, for a range of the dimensionless Lorentz-violating parameter, $ -10^{-3} \leq l \leq 10^{-4} $, which essentially comes from a slight sensitivity to the equation of state for dark energy. For positive $ l $ values, the amplitude of GW shows a mild suppression compared to the standard cosmological scenario $( l = 0) $. This effect could be observable with detectors like SKA, $μ$-Ares, and BBO. Conversely, negative $ l $ values amplify the GW amplitude, enhancing detectability by both SKA, $μ$-Ares, and BBO, as well as by THEIA and DECIGO. Notably, the GW strain amplitude increases by an order of magnitude as $ l $ moves from 0 to $ -10^{-3} $, improving prospects for detection in high-sensitivity detectors like THEIA and DECIGO. |
| title | Primordial gravitational waves from spontaneous Lorentz symmetry breaking |
| topic | Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology High Energy Physics - Phenomenology |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.14395 |