Disks around young free-floating planetary-mass objects: Ultradeep Spitzer imaging of IC348
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arXiv
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| Autores principales: | , |
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| Formato: | Preprint |
| Publicado: |
2025
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| _version_ | 1866910801612242944 |
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| author | Seo, Holly Hanbee Scholz, Aleks |
| author_facet | Seo, Holly Hanbee Scholz, Aleks |
| contents | Protoplanetary disks have been found around free-floating objects with masses comparable to those of giant planets. The frequency and properties of these disks around planetary-mass objects are still debated. Here we present ultradeep mid-infrared images for the young cluster IC348, obtained through stacking of time series images from Spitzer. We measure fluxes at 3.6 and 4.5 microns for known free-floating planetary-mass objects (FFPMOs, spectral type M9 or later) in this cluster. By comparing the observed infrared spectral energy distributions with photospheric templates, we identify six planetary-mass objects with disks, plus three which may or may not have a disk. This corresponds to a disk fraction of 46% (34-59%). The disk fraction among planetary-mass objects is comparable to more massive brown dwarfs. We show the disk fraction among free-floating planetary-mass objects as a function of age, demonstrating that these objects retain disks for several million years, similar to low-mass stars and brown dwarfs. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2501_15930 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Disks around young free-floating planetary-mass objects: Ultradeep Spitzer imaging of IC348 Seo, Holly Hanbee Scholz, Aleks Solar and Stellar Astrophysics Earth and Planetary Astrophysics Astrophysics of Galaxies Protoplanetary disks have been found around free-floating objects with masses comparable to those of giant planets. The frequency and properties of these disks around planetary-mass objects are still debated. Here we present ultradeep mid-infrared images for the young cluster IC348, obtained through stacking of time series images from Spitzer. We measure fluxes at 3.6 and 4.5 microns for known free-floating planetary-mass objects (FFPMOs, spectral type M9 or later) in this cluster. By comparing the observed infrared spectral energy distributions with photospheric templates, we identify six planetary-mass objects with disks, plus three which may or may not have a disk. This corresponds to a disk fraction of 46% (34-59%). The disk fraction among planetary-mass objects is comparable to more massive brown dwarfs. We show the disk fraction among free-floating planetary-mass objects as a function of age, demonstrating that these objects retain disks for several million years, similar to low-mass stars and brown dwarfs. |
| title | Disks around young free-floating planetary-mass objects: Ultradeep Spitzer imaging of IC348 |
| topic | Solar and Stellar Astrophysics Earth and Planetary Astrophysics Astrophysics of Galaxies |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.15930 |