Electron dynamics induced by quantum cat-state light
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arXiv
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| Natura: | Preprint |
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2025
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| author | Imai, Shohei Ono, Atsushi Tsuji, Naoto |
| author_facet | Imai, Shohei Ono, Atsushi Tsuji, Naoto |
| contents | We present an effective theory for describing electron dynamics driven by an optical external field in a Schrödinger's cat state. We show that the electron density matrix evolves as an average over trajectories $\{ρ_α\}$ weighted by the Sudarshan--Glauber $P$ distribution $P(α)$ in the weak light--matter coupling regime. Each trajectory obeys an equation of motion, $\mathrm{i} \partial_tρ_α=\mathcal{H}_α ρ_α-ρ_α\mathcal{H}_α$, where an effective Hamiltonian $\mathcal{H}_α$ becomes non-Hermitian due to quantum interference of light. The optical quantum interference is transferred to electrons through the asymmetric action between the ket and bra state vectors in $ρ_α$. This non-Hermitian dynamics differs from the conventional one observed in open quantum systems, described by $\mathrm{i} \partial_tρ=\mathcal{H}ρ-ρ\mathcal{H}^\dagger$, which has complex conjugation in the second term. We confirm that the results of the effective theory agree with those of full electron--photon system simulations for the few-electron Dicke model, demonstrating experimental accessibility to exotic non-Hermitian dynamics. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2501_16801 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Electron dynamics induced by quantum cat-state light Imai, Shohei Ono, Atsushi Tsuji, Naoto Quantum Physics Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics Optics We present an effective theory for describing electron dynamics driven by an optical external field in a Schrödinger's cat state. We show that the electron density matrix evolves as an average over trajectories $\{ρ_α\}$ weighted by the Sudarshan--Glauber $P$ distribution $P(α)$ in the weak light--matter coupling regime. Each trajectory obeys an equation of motion, $\mathrm{i} \partial_tρ_α=\mathcal{H}_α ρ_α-ρ_α\mathcal{H}_α$, where an effective Hamiltonian $\mathcal{H}_α$ becomes non-Hermitian due to quantum interference of light. The optical quantum interference is transferred to electrons through the asymmetric action between the ket and bra state vectors in $ρ_α$. This non-Hermitian dynamics differs from the conventional one observed in open quantum systems, described by $\mathrm{i} \partial_tρ=\mathcal{H}ρ-ρ\mathcal{H}^\dagger$, which has complex conjugation in the second term. We confirm that the results of the effective theory agree with those of full electron--photon system simulations for the few-electron Dicke model, demonstrating experimental accessibility to exotic non-Hermitian dynamics. |
| title | Electron dynamics induced by quantum cat-state light |
| topic | Quantum Physics Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics Optics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.16801 |