Text-to-Image Generation for Vocabulary Learning Using the Keyword Method

Fuente: arXiv
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Autori principali: Attygalle, Nuwan T., Kljun, Matjaž, Quigley, Aaron, Pucihar, Klen čOpič, Grubert, Jens, Biener, Verena, Leiva, Luis A., Yoneyama, Juri, Toniolo, Alice, Miguel, Angela, Kato, Hirokazu, Weerasinghe, Maheshya
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2025
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author Attygalle, Nuwan T.
Kljun, Matjaž
Quigley, Aaron
Pucihar, Klen čOpič
Grubert, Jens
Biener, Verena
Leiva, Luis A.
Yoneyama, Juri
Toniolo, Alice
Miguel, Angela
Kato, Hirokazu
Weerasinghe, Maheshya
author_facet Attygalle, Nuwan T.
Kljun, Matjaž
Quigley, Aaron
Pucihar, Klen čOpič
Grubert, Jens
Biener, Verena
Leiva, Luis A.
Yoneyama, Juri
Toniolo, Alice
Miguel, Angela
Kato, Hirokazu
Weerasinghe, Maheshya
contents The 'keyword method' is an effective technique for learning vocabulary of a foreign language. It involves creating a memorable visual link between what a word means and what its pronunciation in a foreign language sounds like in the learner's native language. However, these memorable visual links remain implicit in the people's mind and are not easy to remember for a large set of words. To enhance the memorisation and recall of the vocabulary, we developed an application that combines the keyword method with text-to-image generators to externalise the memorable visual links into visuals. These visuals represent additional stimuli during the memorisation process. To explore the effectiveness of this approach we first run a pilot study to investigate how difficult it is to externalise the descriptions of mental visualisations of memorable links, by asking participants to write them down. We used these descriptions as prompts for text-to-image generator (DALL-E2) to convert them into images and asked participants to select their favourites. Next, we compared different text-to-image generators (DALL-E2, Midjourney, Stable and Latent Diffusion) to evaluate the perceived quality of the generated images by each. Despite heterogeneous results, participants mostly preferred images generated by DALL-E2, which was used also for the final study. In this study, we investigated whether providing such images enhances the retention of vocabulary being learned, compared to the keyword method only. Our results indicate that people did not encounter difficulties describing their visualisations of memorable links and that providing corresponding images significantly improves memory retention.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2501_17099
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Text-to-Image Generation for Vocabulary Learning Using the Keyword Method
Attygalle, Nuwan T.
Kljun, Matjaž
Quigley, Aaron
Pucihar, Klen čOpič
Grubert, Jens
Biener, Verena
Leiva, Luis A.
Yoneyama, Juri
Toniolo, Alice
Miguel, Angela
Kato, Hirokazu
Weerasinghe, Maheshya
Human-Computer Interaction
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Graphics
Machine Learning
The 'keyword method' is an effective technique for learning vocabulary of a foreign language. It involves creating a memorable visual link between what a word means and what its pronunciation in a foreign language sounds like in the learner's native language. However, these memorable visual links remain implicit in the people's mind and are not easy to remember for a large set of words. To enhance the memorisation and recall of the vocabulary, we developed an application that combines the keyword method with text-to-image generators to externalise the memorable visual links into visuals. These visuals represent additional stimuli during the memorisation process. To explore the effectiveness of this approach we first run a pilot study to investigate how difficult it is to externalise the descriptions of mental visualisations of memorable links, by asking participants to write them down. We used these descriptions as prompts for text-to-image generator (DALL-E2) to convert them into images and asked participants to select their favourites. Next, we compared different text-to-image generators (DALL-E2, Midjourney, Stable and Latent Diffusion) to evaluate the perceived quality of the generated images by each. Despite heterogeneous results, participants mostly preferred images generated by DALL-E2, which was used also for the final study. In this study, we investigated whether providing such images enhances the retention of vocabulary being learned, compared to the keyword method only. Our results indicate that people did not encounter difficulties describing their visualisations of memorable links and that providing corresponding images significantly improves memory retention.
title Text-to-Image Generation for Vocabulary Learning Using the Keyword Method
topic Human-Computer Interaction
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Graphics
Machine Learning
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.17099