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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Published: |
2025
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.17707 |
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Table of Contents:
- The Internet of Batteryless Things might revolutionize our understanding of connected devices by harvesting required operational energy from the environment. These systems come with the system-software challenge that the intermittently powered IoT devices have to checkpoint their state in non-volatile memory to later resume with this state when sufficient energy is available. The scarce energy resources demand that only modified data is persisted before a power failure, which requires precise modification tracking. We present vNV-Heap, the first ownership-based virtually Non-Volatile Heap for intermittently powered systems with guaranteed power-failure resilience. The heap exploits ownership systems, a zero-cost (i.e., compile-time) abstraction for example implemented by Rust, to track modifications and virtualize object persistence. To achieve power-failure resilience, our heap is designed and implemented to guarantee bounded operations by static program code analysis: For example, the heap allows for determining a worst-case energy consumption for the operation of persisting modified and currently volatile objects. The evaluation of our open-source implementation on an embedded hardware platform (i.e., ESP32-C3) shows that using our heap abstraction is more energy efficient than existing approaches while also providing runtime guarantees by static worst-case bounds.