Bayesian Inference of the Critical Endpoint in 2+1-Flavor System from Holographic QCD

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Main Authors: Zhu, Liqiang, Chen, Xun, Zhou, Kai, Zhang, Hanzhong, Huang, Mei
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Zhu, Liqiang
Chen, Xun
Zhou, Kai
Zhang, Hanzhong
Huang, Mei
author_facet Zhu, Liqiang
Chen, Xun
Zhou, Kai
Zhang, Hanzhong
Huang, Mei
contents We present a Bayesian holographic model constructed by integrating the equation of state and baryon number susceptibility at zero chemical potential from lattice QCD. The model incorporates error estimates derived from lattice data. With this model, we systematically investigate the thermodynamic properties of the 2+1-flavor QCD system. Using Bayesian Inference, we perform precise calibration of the model parameters and determined the critical endpoint (CEP) position under the maximum a posterior (MAP) estimation to be $(T^{c},μ_{B}^{c})=(0.0859\;\mathrm{GeV},0.742\;\mathrm{GeV})$. Additionally, we predict the CEP positions within 68\% and 95\% confidence levels, yielding $(T^{c},\; μ_{B}^{c})_{68\%}$=$(0.0820\text{--}0.0889, 0.71\text{--}0.77)\;\mathrm{GeV}$ and $(T^{c},\; μ_{B}^{c})_{95\%}$=$(0.0816\text{--}0.0898,\; 0.71\text{--}0.79)\;\mathrm{GeV}$, respectively. Moreover, to validate the reliability and predictive power of our approach, we conduct a comprehensive comparison between our predictions and potential CEP locations proposed by other theoretical models. This work not only establishes a novel Bayesian framework for holographic modeling but also provides valuable insights and theoretical support for exploring phase transitions in strongly-interacting matter under extreme conditions.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2501_17763
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Bayesian Inference of the Critical Endpoint in 2+1-Flavor System from Holographic QCD
Zhu, Liqiang
Chen, Xun
Zhou, Kai
Zhang, Hanzhong
Huang, Mei
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
We present a Bayesian holographic model constructed by integrating the equation of state and baryon number susceptibility at zero chemical potential from lattice QCD. The model incorporates error estimates derived from lattice data. With this model, we systematically investigate the thermodynamic properties of the 2+1-flavor QCD system. Using Bayesian Inference, we perform precise calibration of the model parameters and determined the critical endpoint (CEP) position under the maximum a posterior (MAP) estimation to be $(T^{c},μ_{B}^{c})=(0.0859\;\mathrm{GeV},0.742\;\mathrm{GeV})$. Additionally, we predict the CEP positions within 68\% and 95\% confidence levels, yielding $(T^{c},\; μ_{B}^{c})_{68\%}$=$(0.0820\text{--}0.0889, 0.71\text{--}0.77)\;\mathrm{GeV}$ and $(T^{c},\; μ_{B}^{c})_{95\%}$=$(0.0816\text{--}0.0898,\; 0.71\text{--}0.79)\;\mathrm{GeV}$, respectively. Moreover, to validate the reliability and predictive power of our approach, we conduct a comprehensive comparison between our predictions and potential CEP locations proposed by other theoretical models. This work not only establishes a novel Bayesian framework for holographic modeling but also provides valuable insights and theoretical support for exploring phase transitions in strongly-interacting matter under extreme conditions.
title Bayesian Inference of the Critical Endpoint in 2+1-Flavor System from Holographic QCD
topic High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.17763