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| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Published: |
2025
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.17793 |
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| _version_ | 1866912299867963392 |
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| author | Milton, Kimball A. Pourtolami, Nima Kennedy, Gerard |
| author_facet | Milton, Kimball A. Pourtolami, Nima Kennedy, Gerard |
| contents | This paper provides an overview of the nonequilibrium fluctuational forces and torques acting on a body either in motion or at rest relative to another body or to the thermal vacuum blackbody radiation. We consider forces and torques beyond the usual static Casimir-Polder and Casimir forces and torques. For a moving body, a retarding force emerges, called quantum or Casimir friction, which in vacuum was first predicted by Einstein and Hopf in 1910. Nonreciprocity may allow a stationary body, out of thermal equilibrium with its environment, to experience a torque. Moreover, if a stationary reciprocal body is not in thermal equilibrium with the blackbody vacuum, a self-propulsive force or torque can appear, resulting in a potentially observable linear or angular terminal velocity, even after thermalization. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2501_17793 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Perspectives on Quantum Friction, Self-Propulsion, and Self-Torque Milton, Kimball A. Pourtolami, Nima Kennedy, Gerard Quantum Physics High Energy Physics - Theory This paper provides an overview of the nonequilibrium fluctuational forces and torques acting on a body either in motion or at rest relative to another body or to the thermal vacuum blackbody radiation. We consider forces and torques beyond the usual static Casimir-Polder and Casimir forces and torques. For a moving body, a retarding force emerges, called quantum or Casimir friction, which in vacuum was first predicted by Einstein and Hopf in 1910. Nonreciprocity may allow a stationary body, out of thermal equilibrium with its environment, to experience a torque. Moreover, if a stationary reciprocal body is not in thermal equilibrium with the blackbody vacuum, a self-propulsive force or torque can appear, resulting in a potentially observable linear or angular terminal velocity, even after thermalization. |
| title | Perspectives on Quantum Friction, Self-Propulsion, and Self-Torque |
| topic | Quantum Physics High Energy Physics - Theory |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.17793 |