The Case for Time in Causal DAGs

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Reisach, Alexander G., Suárez, Alberto, Weichwald, Sebastian, Chambaz, Antoine
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Reisach, Alexander G.
Suárez, Alberto
Weichwald, Sebastian
Chambaz, Antoine
author_facet Reisach, Alexander G.
Suárez, Alberto
Weichwald, Sebastian
Chambaz, Antoine
contents We make the case for incorporating a notion of time into causal directed acyclic graphs (DAGs). We demonstrate that nontemporal causal DAGs are ambiguous and obstruct justification of the acyclicity assumption. Assuming that causes precede effects, causal relationships are relative to the time order, and causal DAGs require temporal qualification. We propose a formalization via composite causal variables that refer to quantities at one or multiple time points. We emphasize that the acyclicity assumption requires different justifications depending on whether the time order allows cycles. We conclude by discussing implications for the interpretation and applicability of DAGs as causal models.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2501_19311
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle The Case for Time in Causal DAGs
Reisach, Alexander G.
Suárez, Alberto
Weichwald, Sebastian
Chambaz, Antoine
Methodology
We make the case for incorporating a notion of time into causal directed acyclic graphs (DAGs). We demonstrate that nontemporal causal DAGs are ambiguous and obstruct justification of the acyclicity assumption. Assuming that causes precede effects, causal relationships are relative to the time order, and causal DAGs require temporal qualification. We propose a formalization via composite causal variables that refer to quantities at one or multiple time points. We emphasize that the acyclicity assumption requires different justifications depending on whether the time order allows cycles. We conclude by discussing implications for the interpretation and applicability of DAGs as causal models.
title The Case for Time in Causal DAGs
topic Methodology
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.19311