FIRE: Flexible Integration of Data Quality Ratings for Effective Pre-Training

Fuente: arXiv
Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Xu, Liangyu, Zhang, Xuemiao, Duan, Feiyu, Wang, Sirui, Weng, Rongxiang, Wang, Jingang, Cai, Xunliang
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
Subjects:
Online Access:
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1866912386234974208
author Xu, Liangyu
Zhang, Xuemiao
Duan, Feiyu
Wang, Sirui
Weng, Rongxiang
Wang, Jingang
Cai, Xunliang
author_facet Xu, Liangyu
Zhang, Xuemiao
Duan, Feiyu
Wang, Sirui
Weng, Rongxiang
Wang, Jingang
Cai, Xunliang
contents Selecting high-quality data can improve the pretraining efficiency of large language models (LLMs). Existing methods generally rely on heuristic techniques or single quality signals, limiting their ability to evaluate data quality comprehensively. In this work, we propose FIRE, a flexible and scalable framework for integrating multiple data quality raters, which allows for a comprehensive assessment of data quality across various dimensions. FIRE aligns multiple quality signals into a unified space, and integrates diverse data quality raters to provide a comprehensive quality signal for each data point. Further, we introduce a progressive data selection scheme based on FIRE that iteratively refines the selection of high-quality data points. Extensive experiments show that FIRE outperforms other data selection methods and significantly boosts pretrained model performance across a wide range of downstream tasks, while requiring less than 37.5\% of the training data needed by the Random baseline to reach the target performance.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2502_00761
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle FIRE: Flexible Integration of Data Quality Ratings for Effective Pre-Training
Xu, Liangyu
Zhang, Xuemiao
Duan, Feiyu
Wang, Sirui
Weng, Rongxiang
Wang, Jingang
Cai, Xunliang
Computation and Language
Selecting high-quality data can improve the pretraining efficiency of large language models (LLMs). Existing methods generally rely on heuristic techniques or single quality signals, limiting their ability to evaluate data quality comprehensively. In this work, we propose FIRE, a flexible and scalable framework for integrating multiple data quality raters, which allows for a comprehensive assessment of data quality across various dimensions. FIRE aligns multiple quality signals into a unified space, and integrates diverse data quality raters to provide a comprehensive quality signal for each data point. Further, we introduce a progressive data selection scheme based on FIRE that iteratively refines the selection of high-quality data points. Extensive experiments show that FIRE outperforms other data selection methods and significantly boosts pretrained model performance across a wide range of downstream tasks, while requiring less than 37.5\% of the training data needed by the Random baseline to reach the target performance.
title FIRE: Flexible Integration of Data Quality Ratings for Effective Pre-Training
topic Computation and Language
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.00761