Observation of slow relaxation due to Hilbert space fragmentation in strongly interacting Bose-Hubbard chains

Fuente: arXiv
Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Honda, Kantaro, Takasu, Yosuke, Goto, Shimpei, Kazuta, Hironori, Kunimi, Masaya, Danshita, Ippei, Takahashi, Yoshiro
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
Subjects:
Online Access:
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1866918049331806208
author Honda, Kantaro
Takasu, Yosuke
Goto, Shimpei
Kazuta, Hironori
Kunimi, Masaya
Danshita, Ippei
Takahashi, Yoshiro
author_facet Honda, Kantaro
Takasu, Yosuke
Goto, Shimpei
Kazuta, Hironori
Kunimi, Masaya
Danshita, Ippei
Takahashi, Yoshiro
contents While isolated quantum systems generally thermalize after long-time evolution, there are several exceptions defying thermalization. A notable mechanism of such nonergodicity is the Hilbert space fragmentation (HSF), where the Hamiltonian matrix splits into an exponentially large number of sectors due to the presence of nontrivial conserved quantities. Using ultracold gases, here we experimentally investigate the one-dimensional Bose-Hubbard system with neither disorder nor tilt potential, which has been predicted to exhibit HSF caused by a strong interatomic interaction. Specifically, we analyze far-from-equilibrium dynamics starting from a charge-density wave of doublons (atoms in doubly occupied sites) in a singlon and doublon-resolved manner to reveal a slowing-down of the relaxation in a strongly interacting regime. We find that the numbers of singlons and doublons are conserved during the dynamics, indicating HSF as a mechanism of the observed slow relaxation. Our results provide an experimental confirmation of the conserved quantities responsible for HSF.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2502_02959
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Observation of slow relaxation due to Hilbert space fragmentation in strongly interacting Bose-Hubbard chains
Honda, Kantaro
Takasu, Yosuke
Goto, Shimpei
Kazuta, Hironori
Kunimi, Masaya
Danshita, Ippei
Takahashi, Yoshiro
Quantum Gases
Statistical Mechanics
Quantum Physics
While isolated quantum systems generally thermalize after long-time evolution, there are several exceptions defying thermalization. A notable mechanism of such nonergodicity is the Hilbert space fragmentation (HSF), where the Hamiltonian matrix splits into an exponentially large number of sectors due to the presence of nontrivial conserved quantities. Using ultracold gases, here we experimentally investigate the one-dimensional Bose-Hubbard system with neither disorder nor tilt potential, which has been predicted to exhibit HSF caused by a strong interatomic interaction. Specifically, we analyze far-from-equilibrium dynamics starting from a charge-density wave of doublons (atoms in doubly occupied sites) in a singlon and doublon-resolved manner to reveal a slowing-down of the relaxation in a strongly interacting regime. We find that the numbers of singlons and doublons are conserved during the dynamics, indicating HSF as a mechanism of the observed slow relaxation. Our results provide an experimental confirmation of the conserved quantities responsible for HSF.
title Observation of slow relaxation due to Hilbert space fragmentation in strongly interacting Bose-Hubbard chains
topic Quantum Gases
Statistical Mechanics
Quantum Physics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.02959