Multi-Output Convolutional Neural Network for Improved Parameter Extraction in Time-Resolved Electrostatic Force Microscopy Data

Fuente: arXiv
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Autores principales: Breshears, Madeleine D., Giridharagopal, Rajiv, Ginger, David S.
Formato: Preprint
Publicado: 2025
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author Breshears, Madeleine D.
Giridharagopal, Rajiv
Ginger, David S.
author_facet Breshears, Madeleine D.
Giridharagopal, Rajiv
Ginger, David S.
contents Time-resolved scanning probe microscopy methods, like time-resolved electrostatic force microscopy (trEFM), enable imaging of dynamic processes ranging from ion motion in batteries to electronic dynamics in microstructured thin film semiconductors for solar cells. Reconstructing the underlying physical dynamics from these techniques can be challenging due to the interplay of cantilever physics with the actual transient kinetics of interest in the resulting signal. Previously, quantitative trEFM used empirical calibration of the cantilever or feed-forward neural networks trained on simulated data to extract the physical dynamics of interest. Both these approaches are limited by interpreting the underlying signal as a single exponential function, which serves as an approximation but does not adequately reflect many realistic systems. Here, we present a multi-branched, multi-output convolutional neural network (CNN) that uses the trEFM signal in addition to the physical cantilever parameters as input. The trained CNN accurately extracts parameters describing both single-exponential and bi-exponential underlying functions, and more accurately reconstructs real experimental data in the presence of noise. This work demonstrates an application of physics-informed machine learning to complex signal processing tasks, enabling more efficient and accurate analysis of trEFM.
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id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2502_03572
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publishDate 2025
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spellingShingle Multi-Output Convolutional Neural Network for Improved Parameter Extraction in Time-Resolved Electrostatic Force Microscopy Data
Breshears, Madeleine D.
Giridharagopal, Rajiv
Ginger, David S.
Materials Science
Disordered Systems and Neural Networks
Time-resolved scanning probe microscopy methods, like time-resolved electrostatic force microscopy (trEFM), enable imaging of dynamic processes ranging from ion motion in batteries to electronic dynamics in microstructured thin film semiconductors for solar cells. Reconstructing the underlying physical dynamics from these techniques can be challenging due to the interplay of cantilever physics with the actual transient kinetics of interest in the resulting signal. Previously, quantitative trEFM used empirical calibration of the cantilever or feed-forward neural networks trained on simulated data to extract the physical dynamics of interest. Both these approaches are limited by interpreting the underlying signal as a single exponential function, which serves as an approximation but does not adequately reflect many realistic systems. Here, we present a multi-branched, multi-output convolutional neural network (CNN) that uses the trEFM signal in addition to the physical cantilever parameters as input. The trained CNN accurately extracts parameters describing both single-exponential and bi-exponential underlying functions, and more accurately reconstructs real experimental data in the presence of noise. This work demonstrates an application of physics-informed machine learning to complex signal processing tasks, enabling more efficient and accurate analysis of trEFM.
title Multi-Output Convolutional Neural Network for Improved Parameter Extraction in Time-Resolved Electrostatic Force Microscopy Data
topic Materials Science
Disordered Systems and Neural Networks
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.03572