Prospects for detecting generic fast-time features in the neutrino lightcurve of nearby supernovae in neutrino telescopes
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| author | Beise, Jakob BenZvi, Segev Griswold, Spencer Valtonen-Mattila, Nora O'Sullivan, Erin |
| author_facet | Beise, Jakob BenZvi, Segev Griswold, Spencer Valtonen-Mattila, Nora O'Sullivan, Erin |
| contents | Neutrino emission offers a direct probe into the hydrodynamics and energy transport processes within a supernova. Fast-time variations in the neutrino luminosity and mean energy can provide insights into phenomena like turbulence, convection, and shock revival. In this paper, we explore the detection capabilities of large-volume neutrino telescopes such as the IceCube Neutrino Observatory and the planned IceCube-Gen2 detector in identifying generic fast-time features in the neutrino light curve. We also investigate the potential enhancement in detection sensitivity using wavelength shifters, which can improve light collection efficiency. By employing a Short-Time Fourier Transform analysis, we quantify the excess power in the frequency spectrum arising from fast-time modulations and compute the detection horizon for a range of generic models. We find that with IceCube we can already see the strongest modulation models (>50% amplitude) for progenitors located anywhere in the Milky Way. Sensitivity to weaker modulations (>20% amplitude) is possible in future detectors like IceCube-Gen2, in particular with the use of wavelength shifters. For all detector configurations, the frequency and central time of the fast-time feature at the 5$σ$ detection horizon can be measured with a resolution of 7.0 Hz and 17 ms respectively. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2502_05024 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Prospects for detecting generic fast-time features in the neutrino lightcurve of nearby supernovae in neutrino telescopes Beise, Jakob BenZvi, Segev Griswold, Spencer Valtonen-Mattila, Nora O'Sullivan, Erin High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics Neutrino emission offers a direct probe into the hydrodynamics and energy transport processes within a supernova. Fast-time variations in the neutrino luminosity and mean energy can provide insights into phenomena like turbulence, convection, and shock revival. In this paper, we explore the detection capabilities of large-volume neutrino telescopes such as the IceCube Neutrino Observatory and the planned IceCube-Gen2 detector in identifying generic fast-time features in the neutrino light curve. We also investigate the potential enhancement in detection sensitivity using wavelength shifters, which can improve light collection efficiency. By employing a Short-Time Fourier Transform analysis, we quantify the excess power in the frequency spectrum arising from fast-time modulations and compute the detection horizon for a range of generic models. We find that with IceCube we can already see the strongest modulation models (>50% amplitude) for progenitors located anywhere in the Milky Way. Sensitivity to weaker modulations (>20% amplitude) is possible in future detectors like IceCube-Gen2, in particular with the use of wavelength shifters. For all detector configurations, the frequency and central time of the fast-time feature at the 5$σ$ detection horizon can be measured with a resolution of 7.0 Hz and 17 ms respectively. |
| title | Prospects for detecting generic fast-time features in the neutrino lightcurve of nearby supernovae in neutrino telescopes |
| topic | High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.05024 |