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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Published: |
2025
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.05737 |
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| _version_ | 1866912225712668672 |
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| author | Shen, Shui-Fa Ye, Chong Wen, Dan Bao, Lina Li, Jin Xing, Yutao Jiang, Jiaming Qian, Wei-Liang |
| author_facet | Shen, Shui-Fa Ye, Chong Wen, Dan Bao, Lina Li, Jin Xing, Yutao Jiang, Jiaming Qian, Wei-Liang |
| contents | In this study, we employ the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) to investigate the relationship between initial-state fluctuations and final-state anisotropies in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. The granularity of the initial state, reflecting fluctuations in the initial conditions (IC), is modeled using a peripheral tube model. Besides differential flow, our analysis focuses on a class of more sensitive observables known as flow factorization. Specifically, we evaluate these observables using MLE, an asymptotically normal and unbiased tool in standard statistical inference. Our findings show that the resulting differential flow remains essentially unchanged for different IC defined by the peripheral tube model. The resulting harmonic coefficients obtained using MLE and multi-particle cumulants are found to be consistent. However, the calculated flow factorizations show significant variations depending on both the IC and the estimators, which is attributed to their sensitivity to initial-state fluctuations. Thus, we argue that MLE offers a compelling alternative to standard methods such as multi-particle correlators, particularly for sensitive observables constructed from higher moments of the azimuthal distribution. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2502_05737 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | An MLE analysis on the relationship between the initial-state granularity and final-state flow factorization Shen, Shui-Fa Ye, Chong Wen, Dan Bao, Lina Li, Jin Xing, Yutao Jiang, Jiaming Qian, Wei-Liang Nuclear Theory In this study, we employ the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) to investigate the relationship between initial-state fluctuations and final-state anisotropies in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. The granularity of the initial state, reflecting fluctuations in the initial conditions (IC), is modeled using a peripheral tube model. Besides differential flow, our analysis focuses on a class of more sensitive observables known as flow factorization. Specifically, we evaluate these observables using MLE, an asymptotically normal and unbiased tool in standard statistical inference. Our findings show that the resulting differential flow remains essentially unchanged for different IC defined by the peripheral tube model. The resulting harmonic coefficients obtained using MLE and multi-particle cumulants are found to be consistent. However, the calculated flow factorizations show significant variations depending on both the IC and the estimators, which is attributed to their sensitivity to initial-state fluctuations. Thus, we argue that MLE offers a compelling alternative to standard methods such as multi-particle correlators, particularly for sensitive observables constructed from higher moments of the azimuthal distribution. |
| title | An MLE analysis on the relationship between the initial-state granularity and final-state flow factorization |
| topic | Nuclear Theory |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.05737 |