Enhanced 3D Object Detection via Diverse Feature Representations of 4D Radar Tensor

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Hauptverfasser: Song, Seung-Hyun, Paek, Dong-Hee, Dao, Minh-Quan, Malis, Ezio, Kong, Seung-Hyun
Format: Preprint
Veröffentlicht: 2025
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author Song, Seung-Hyun
Paek, Dong-Hee
Dao, Minh-Quan
Malis, Ezio
Kong, Seung-Hyun
author_facet Song, Seung-Hyun
Paek, Dong-Hee
Dao, Minh-Quan
Malis, Ezio
Kong, Seung-Hyun
contents Recent advances in automotive four-dimensional (4D) Radar have enabled access to raw 4D Radar Tensor (4DRT), offering richer spatial and Doppler information than conventional point clouds. While most existing methods rely on heavily pre-processed, sparse Radar data, recent attempts to leverage raw 4DRT face high computational costs and limited scalability. To address these limitations, we propose a novel three-dimensional (3D) object detection framework that maximizes the utility of 4DRT while preserving efficiency. Our method introduces a multi-teacher knowledge distillation (KD), where multiple teacher models are trained on point clouds derived from diverse 4DRT pre-processing techniques, each capturing complementary signal characteristics. These teacher representations are fused via a dedicated aggregation module and distilled into a lightweight student model that operates solely on a sparse Radar input. Experimental results on the K-Radar dataset demonstrate that our framework achieves improvements of 7.3% in AP_3D and 9.5% in AP_BEV over the baseline RTNH model when using extremely sparse inputs. Furthermore, it attains comparable performance to denser-input baselines while significantly reducing the input data size by about 90 times, confirming the scalability and efficiency of our approach.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2502_06114
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Enhanced 3D Object Detection via Diverse Feature Representations of 4D Radar Tensor
Song, Seung-Hyun
Paek, Dong-Hee
Dao, Minh-Quan
Malis, Ezio
Kong, Seung-Hyun
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Recent advances in automotive four-dimensional (4D) Radar have enabled access to raw 4D Radar Tensor (4DRT), offering richer spatial and Doppler information than conventional point clouds. While most existing methods rely on heavily pre-processed, sparse Radar data, recent attempts to leverage raw 4DRT face high computational costs and limited scalability. To address these limitations, we propose a novel three-dimensional (3D) object detection framework that maximizes the utility of 4DRT while preserving efficiency. Our method introduces a multi-teacher knowledge distillation (KD), where multiple teacher models are trained on point clouds derived from diverse 4DRT pre-processing techniques, each capturing complementary signal characteristics. These teacher representations are fused via a dedicated aggregation module and distilled into a lightweight student model that operates solely on a sparse Radar input. Experimental results on the K-Radar dataset demonstrate that our framework achieves improvements of 7.3% in AP_3D and 9.5% in AP_BEV over the baseline RTNH model when using extremely sparse inputs. Furthermore, it attains comparable performance to denser-input baselines while significantly reducing the input data size by about 90 times, confirming the scalability and efficiency of our approach.
title Enhanced 3D Object Detection via Diverse Feature Representations of 4D Radar Tensor
topic Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.06114