Strong ill-posedness and non-existence in Sobolev spaces for generalized-SQG

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Autori principali: Córdoba, Diego, Lucas-Manchón, José, Martínez-Zoroa, Luis
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2025
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author Córdoba, Diego
Lucas-Manchón, José
Martínez-Zoroa, Luis
author_facet Córdoba, Diego
Lucas-Manchón, José
Martínez-Zoroa, Luis
contents The general surface quasi-geostrophic equation is the scalar transport equation defined by \begin{equation*} \frac{\partial θ}{\partial t}+v^γ_1 \frac{\partial θ}{\partial x_1}+v^γ_2 \frac{\partial θ}{\partial x_2} =0 , \end{equation*} where the velocity comes defined by \begin{equation*} v^γ=\nabla^{\perp} ψ_γ=\left(\partial_{2} ψ_γ,-\partial_{1} ψ_γ\right), \quad ψ_γ=-Λ^{-1+γ} θ, \end{equation*} and $θ(\cdot,0)=θ_0(\cdot)$ is the initial condition. We consider the parameter $γ\in (-1,1)$ and the non-local operator $Λ^α=(-Δ)^{\fracα{2}}$ is defined on the Fourier side by $\widehat{Λ^α f}(ξ)=|ξ|^α \widehat{f}(ξ)$. The PDE is well-posed in the Sobolev spaces $H^s$ with $s>2+γ$. In this paper we prove strong ill-posedness in the super-critical regime $H^β$ with $β\in [1,2+γ)\cap(\frac{3}{2}+γ,2+γ)$. To do this, we will derive an approximated PDE solvable by some family of functions that we will call pseudosolutions and that will allow us to control the norms of the real solutions. Using this result and a gluing argument we also prove non-existence of solutions in the same Sobolev spaces. Since the pseudosolution will control the real one, we can build a solution that will be initially in $H^β$ and will leave it instantaneously. Nevertheless, this solution exists for a long time and remains the only classical solution in a high regularity class.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2502_06357
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Strong ill-posedness and non-existence in Sobolev spaces for generalized-SQG
Córdoba, Diego
Lucas-Manchón, José
Martínez-Zoroa, Luis
Analysis of PDEs
The general surface quasi-geostrophic equation is the scalar transport equation defined by \begin{equation*} \frac{\partial θ}{\partial t}+v^γ_1 \frac{\partial θ}{\partial x_1}+v^γ_2 \frac{\partial θ}{\partial x_2} =0 , \end{equation*} where the velocity comes defined by \begin{equation*} v^γ=\nabla^{\perp} ψ_γ=\left(\partial_{2} ψ_γ,-\partial_{1} ψ_γ\right), \quad ψ_γ=-Λ^{-1+γ} θ, \end{equation*} and $θ(\cdot,0)=θ_0(\cdot)$ is the initial condition. We consider the parameter $γ\in (-1,1)$ and the non-local operator $Λ^α=(-Δ)^{\fracα{2}}$ is defined on the Fourier side by $\widehat{Λ^α f}(ξ)=|ξ|^α \widehat{f}(ξ)$. The PDE is well-posed in the Sobolev spaces $H^s$ with $s>2+γ$. In this paper we prove strong ill-posedness in the super-critical regime $H^β$ with $β\in [1,2+γ)\cap(\frac{3}{2}+γ,2+γ)$. To do this, we will derive an approximated PDE solvable by some family of functions that we will call pseudosolutions and that will allow us to control the norms of the real solutions. Using this result and a gluing argument we also prove non-existence of solutions in the same Sobolev spaces. Since the pseudosolution will control the real one, we can build a solution that will be initially in $H^β$ and will leave it instantaneously. Nevertheless, this solution exists for a long time and remains the only classical solution in a high regularity class.
title Strong ill-posedness and non-existence in Sobolev spaces for generalized-SQG
topic Analysis of PDEs
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.06357