Equilibrium trajectories quantify second order violation of fluctuation dissipation theorem without need of a model

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Main Authors: Caspers, Juliana, Kumar, Karthika Krishna, Bechinger, Clemens, Krüger, Matthias
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Caspers, Juliana
Kumar, Karthika Krishna
Bechinger, Clemens
Krüger, Matthias
author_facet Caspers, Juliana
Kumar, Karthika Krishna
Bechinger, Clemens
Krüger, Matthias
contents Quantifying and characterizing fluctuations far away from equilibrium is a challenging task. We discuss and experimentally confirm a series expansion for a driven classical system, relating the different non-equilibrium cumulants of the observable conjugate to the driving protocol. This series is valid from micro- to macroscopic length scales, and it encompasses the fluctuation dissipation theorem. We apply it in experiments of a Brownian probe particle confined and driven by an optical potential and suspended in a nonlinear and non-Markovian fluid. The expansion states that the form of FDT remains valid away from equilibrium for Gaussian observables, up to the order presented. We show that this expansion agrees with the expansion of a known fluctuation theorem up to an unresolved difference regarding moments versus cumulants.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2502_10175
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Equilibrium trajectories quantify second order violation of fluctuation dissipation theorem without need of a model
Caspers, Juliana
Kumar, Karthika Krishna
Bechinger, Clemens
Krüger, Matthias
Statistical Mechanics
Soft Condensed Matter
Quantifying and characterizing fluctuations far away from equilibrium is a challenging task. We discuss and experimentally confirm a series expansion for a driven classical system, relating the different non-equilibrium cumulants of the observable conjugate to the driving protocol. This series is valid from micro- to macroscopic length scales, and it encompasses the fluctuation dissipation theorem. We apply it in experiments of a Brownian probe particle confined and driven by an optical potential and suspended in a nonlinear and non-Markovian fluid. The expansion states that the form of FDT remains valid away from equilibrium for Gaussian observables, up to the order presented. We show that this expansion agrees with the expansion of a known fluctuation theorem up to an unresolved difference regarding moments versus cumulants.
title Equilibrium trajectories quantify second order violation of fluctuation dissipation theorem without need of a model
topic Statistical Mechanics
Soft Condensed Matter
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.10175