Synthetic Politics: Prevalence, Spreaders, and Emotional Reception of AI-Generated Political Images on X

Fuente: arXiv
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Autores principales: Chen, Zhiyi, Ye, Jinyi, Tsai, Beverlyn, Ferrara, Emilio, Luceri, Luca
Formato: Preprint
Publicado: 2025
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author Chen, Zhiyi
Ye, Jinyi
Tsai, Beverlyn
Ferrara, Emilio
Luceri, Luca
author_facet Chen, Zhiyi
Ye, Jinyi
Tsai, Beverlyn
Ferrara, Emilio
Luceri, Luca
contents Despite widespread concerns about the risks of AI-generated content (AIGC) to the integrity of social media discourse, little is known about its scale and scope, the actors responsible for its dissemination online, and the user responses it elicits. In this work, we measure and characterize the prevalence, spreaders, and emotional reception of AI-generated political images. Analyzing a large-scale dataset from Twitter/X related to the 2024 U.S. Presidential Election, we find that approximately 12% of shared images are detected as AI-generated, and around 10% of users are responsible for sharing 80% of AI-generated images. AIGC superspreaders--defined as the users who not only share a high volume of AI-generated images but also receive substantial engagement through retweets--are more likely to be X Premium subscribers, have a right-leaning orientation, and exhibit automated behavior. Their profiles contain a higher proportion of AI-generated images than non-superspreaders, and some engage in extreme levels of AIGC sharing. Moreover, superspreaders' AI image tweets elicit more positive and less toxic responses than their non-AI image tweets. This study serves as one of the first steps toward understanding the role generative AI plays in shaping online socio-political environments and offers implications for platform governance.
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spellingShingle Synthetic Politics: Prevalence, Spreaders, and Emotional Reception of AI-Generated Political Images on X
Chen, Zhiyi
Ye, Jinyi
Tsai, Beverlyn
Ferrara, Emilio
Luceri, Luca
Social and Information Networks
Computers and Society
Despite widespread concerns about the risks of AI-generated content (AIGC) to the integrity of social media discourse, little is known about its scale and scope, the actors responsible for its dissemination online, and the user responses it elicits. In this work, we measure and characterize the prevalence, spreaders, and emotional reception of AI-generated political images. Analyzing a large-scale dataset from Twitter/X related to the 2024 U.S. Presidential Election, we find that approximately 12% of shared images are detected as AI-generated, and around 10% of users are responsible for sharing 80% of AI-generated images. AIGC superspreaders--defined as the users who not only share a high volume of AI-generated images but also receive substantial engagement through retweets--are more likely to be X Premium subscribers, have a right-leaning orientation, and exhibit automated behavior. Their profiles contain a higher proportion of AI-generated images than non-superspreaders, and some engage in extreme levels of AIGC sharing. Moreover, superspreaders' AI image tweets elicit more positive and less toxic responses than their non-AI image tweets. This study serves as one of the first steps toward understanding the role generative AI plays in shaping online socio-political environments and offers implications for platform governance.
title Synthetic Politics: Prevalence, Spreaders, and Emotional Reception of AI-Generated Political Images on X
topic Social and Information Networks
Computers and Society
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.11248