VLDBench Evaluating Multimodal Disinformation with Regulatory Alignment

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Main Authors: Raza, Shaina, Vayani, Ashmal, Jain, Aditya, Narayanan, Aravind, Khazaie, Vahid Reza, Bashir, Syed Raza, Dolatabadi, Elham, Uddin, Gias, Emmanouilidis, Christos, Qureshi, Rizwan, Shah, Mubarak
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Raza, Shaina
Vayani, Ashmal
Jain, Aditya
Narayanan, Aravind
Khazaie, Vahid Reza
Bashir, Syed Raza
Dolatabadi, Elham
Uddin, Gias
Emmanouilidis, Christos
Qureshi, Rizwan
Shah, Mubarak
author_facet Raza, Shaina
Vayani, Ashmal
Jain, Aditya
Narayanan, Aravind
Khazaie, Vahid Reza
Bashir, Syed Raza
Dolatabadi, Elham
Uddin, Gias
Emmanouilidis, Christos
Qureshi, Rizwan
Shah, Mubarak
contents Detecting disinformation that blends manipulated text and images has become increasingly challenging, as AI tools make synthetic content easy to generate and disseminate. While most existing AI safety benchmarks focus on single modality misinformation (i.e., false content shared without intent to deceive), intentional multimodal disinformation, such as propaganda or conspiracy theories that imitate credible news, remains largely unaddressed. We introduce the Vision-Language Disinformation Detection Benchmark (VLDBench), the first large-scale resource supporting both unimodal (text-only) and multimodal (text + image) disinformation detection. VLDBench comprises approximately 62,000 labeled text-image pairs across 13 categories, curated from 58 news outlets. Using a semi-automated pipeline followed by expert review, 22 domain experts invested over 500 hours to produce high-quality annotations with substantial inter-annotator agreement. Evaluations of state-of-the-art Large Language Models (LLMs) and Vision-Language Models (VLMs) on VLDBench show that incorporating visual cues improves detection accuracy by 5 to 35 percentage points over text-only models. VLDBench provides data and code for evaluation, fine-tuning, and robustness testing to support disinformation analysis. Developed in alignment with AI governance frameworks (e.g., the MIT AI Risk Repository), VLDBench offers a principled foundation for advancing trustworthy disinformation detection in multimodal media. Project: https://vectorinstitute.github.io/VLDBench/ Dataset: https://huggingface.co/datasets/vector-institute/VLDBench Code: https://github.com/VectorInstitute/VLDBench
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2502_11361
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle VLDBench Evaluating Multimodal Disinformation with Regulatory Alignment
Raza, Shaina
Vayani, Ashmal
Jain, Aditya
Narayanan, Aravind
Khazaie, Vahid Reza
Bashir, Syed Raza
Dolatabadi, Elham
Uddin, Gias
Emmanouilidis, Christos
Qureshi, Rizwan
Shah, Mubarak
Computation and Language
Detecting disinformation that blends manipulated text and images has become increasingly challenging, as AI tools make synthetic content easy to generate and disseminate. While most existing AI safety benchmarks focus on single modality misinformation (i.e., false content shared without intent to deceive), intentional multimodal disinformation, such as propaganda or conspiracy theories that imitate credible news, remains largely unaddressed. We introduce the Vision-Language Disinformation Detection Benchmark (VLDBench), the first large-scale resource supporting both unimodal (text-only) and multimodal (text + image) disinformation detection. VLDBench comprises approximately 62,000 labeled text-image pairs across 13 categories, curated from 58 news outlets. Using a semi-automated pipeline followed by expert review, 22 domain experts invested over 500 hours to produce high-quality annotations with substantial inter-annotator agreement. Evaluations of state-of-the-art Large Language Models (LLMs) and Vision-Language Models (VLMs) on VLDBench show that incorporating visual cues improves detection accuracy by 5 to 35 percentage points over text-only models. VLDBench provides data and code for evaluation, fine-tuning, and robustness testing to support disinformation analysis. Developed in alignment with AI governance frameworks (e.g., the MIT AI Risk Repository), VLDBench offers a principled foundation for advancing trustworthy disinformation detection in multimodal media. Project: https://vectorinstitute.github.io/VLDBench/ Dataset: https://huggingface.co/datasets/vector-institute/VLDBench Code: https://github.com/VectorInstitute/VLDBench
title VLDBench Evaluating Multimodal Disinformation with Regulatory Alignment
topic Computation and Language
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.11361