Femtosecond-and-atom-resolved solvation dynamics of a Na$^+$ ion in a helium nanodroplet
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| _version_ | 1866909497339936768 |
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| author | Albrechtsen, Simon H. Christensen, Jeppe K. Petersen, Christian E. Schouder, Constant A. Carchi-Villalta, Pedro Javier Sánchez-Pérez, Iker Bartolomei, Massimiliano González-Lezana, Tomás Pirani, Fernando Stapelfeldt, Henrik |
| author_facet | Albrechtsen, Simon H. Christensen, Jeppe K. Petersen, Christian E. Schouder, Constant A. Carchi-Villalta, Pedro Javier Sánchez-Pérez, Iker Bartolomei, Massimiliano González-Lezana, Tomás Pirani, Fernando Stapelfeldt, Henrik |
| contents | Recently, it was shown how the primary steps of solvation of a single Na$^+$ ion, instantly created at the surface of a nanometer-sized droplet of liquid helium, can be followed at the atomic level [Albrectsen et al. Nature $\textbf{623}$, 319 (2023)]. This involved measuring, with femtosecond time resolution, the gradual attachment of individual He atoms to the Na$^+$ ion as well as the energy dissipated from the local region of the ion. In the current work, we provide a more comprehensive and detailed description of the experimental findings of the solvation dynamics, and present an improved Poisson-statistical analysis of the time-resovled yields of the solvation complexes, Na$^+$He$_n$. For droplets containing an average of 5200 He atoms, this analysis gives a binding rate of $1.84\pm0.09$ atoms/ps for the binding of the first five He atoms to the Na$^+$ ion. Also, thanks to accurate heoretical values for the evaporation energies of the Na$^+$He$_n$ complexes, obtained by Path Integral Monte Carlo methos using a new potential energy surface presented here for the first time, we improved the determination of the time-dependent removal of the solvation energy from the region around the sodium ion. We find that it follows Newton's law of cooling for the first 6 ps. Measurements were carried out for three different average droplet sizes, $\langle N_D\rangle = $ 9000, 5200 and 3600 helium atoms, and differences between these results are discussed. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2502_11783 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Femtosecond-and-atom-resolved solvation dynamics of a Na$^+$ ion in a helium nanodroplet Albrechtsen, Simon H. Christensen, Jeppe K. Petersen, Christian E. Schouder, Constant A. Carchi-Villalta, Pedro Javier Sánchez-Pérez, Iker Bartolomei, Massimiliano González-Lezana, Tomás Pirani, Fernando Stapelfeldt, Henrik Atomic and Molecular Clusters Recently, it was shown how the primary steps of solvation of a single Na$^+$ ion, instantly created at the surface of a nanometer-sized droplet of liquid helium, can be followed at the atomic level [Albrectsen et al. Nature $\textbf{623}$, 319 (2023)]. This involved measuring, with femtosecond time resolution, the gradual attachment of individual He atoms to the Na$^+$ ion as well as the energy dissipated from the local region of the ion. In the current work, we provide a more comprehensive and detailed description of the experimental findings of the solvation dynamics, and present an improved Poisson-statistical analysis of the time-resovled yields of the solvation complexes, Na$^+$He$_n$. For droplets containing an average of 5200 He atoms, this analysis gives a binding rate of $1.84\pm0.09$ atoms/ps for the binding of the first five He atoms to the Na$^+$ ion. Also, thanks to accurate heoretical values for the evaporation energies of the Na$^+$He$_n$ complexes, obtained by Path Integral Monte Carlo methos using a new potential energy surface presented here for the first time, we improved the determination of the time-dependent removal of the solvation energy from the region around the sodium ion. We find that it follows Newton's law of cooling for the first 6 ps. Measurements were carried out for three different average droplet sizes, $\langle N_D\rangle = $ 9000, 5200 and 3600 helium atoms, and differences between these results are discussed. |
| title | Femtosecond-and-atom-resolved solvation dynamics of a Na$^+$ ion in a helium nanodroplet |
| topic | Atomic and Molecular Clusters |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.11783 |