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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Published: |
2025
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.12176 |
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| _version_ | 1866913695437684736 |
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| author | Fan, Tao Gu, Hanlin Cao, Xuemei Chan, Chee Seng Chen, Qian Chen, Yiqiang Feng, Yihui Gu, Yang Geng, Jiaxiang Luo, Bing Liu, Shuoling Ong, Win Kent Ren, Chao Shao, Jiaqi Sun, Chuan Tang, Xiaoli Tae, Hong Xi Tong, Yongxin Wei, Shuyue Wu, Fan Xi, Wei Xu, Mingcong Yang, He Yang, Xin Yan, Jiangpeng Yu, Hao Yu, Han Zhang, Teng Zhang, Yifei Zhang, Xiaojin Zheng, Zhenzhe Fan, Lixin Yang, Qiang |
| author_facet | Fan, Tao Gu, Hanlin Cao, Xuemei Chan, Chee Seng Chen, Qian Chen, Yiqiang Feng, Yihui Gu, Yang Geng, Jiaxiang Luo, Bing Liu, Shuoling Ong, Win Kent Ren, Chao Shao, Jiaqi Sun, Chuan Tang, Xiaoli Tae, Hong Xi Tong, Yongxin Wei, Shuyue Wu, Fan Xi, Wei Xu, Mingcong Yang, He Yang, Xin Yan, Jiangpeng Yu, Hao Yu, Han Zhang, Teng Zhang, Yifei Zhang, Xiaojin Zheng, Zhenzhe Fan, Lixin Yang, Qiang |
| contents | Federated Foundation Models (FedFMs) represent a distributed learning paradigm that fuses general competences of foundation models as well as privacy-preserving capabilities of federated learning. This combination allows the large foundation models and the small local domain models at the remote clients to learn from each other in a teacher-student learning setting. This paper provides a comprehensive summary of the ten challenging problems inherent in FedFMs, encompassing foundational theory, utilization of private data, continual learning, unlearning, Non-IID and graph data, bidirectional knowledge transfer, incentive mechanism design, game mechanism design, model watermarking, and efficiency. The ten challenging problems manifest in five pivotal aspects: ``Foundational Theory," which aims to establish a coherent and unifying theoretical framework for FedFMs. ``Data," addressing the difficulties in leveraging domain-specific knowledge from private data while maintaining privacy; ``Heterogeneity," examining variations in data, model, and computational resources across clients; ``Security and Privacy," focusing on defenses against malicious attacks and model theft; and ``Efficiency," highlighting the need for improvements in training, communication, and parameter efficiency. For each problem, we offer a clear mathematical definition on the objective function, analyze existing methods, and discuss the key challenges and potential solutions. This in-depth exploration aims to advance the theoretical foundations of FedFMs, guide practical implementations, and inspire future research to overcome these obstacles, thereby enabling the robust, efficient, and privacy-preserving FedFMs in various real-world applications. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2502_12176 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Ten Challenging Problems in Federated Foundation Models Fan, Tao Gu, Hanlin Cao, Xuemei Chan, Chee Seng Chen, Qian Chen, Yiqiang Feng, Yihui Gu, Yang Geng, Jiaxiang Luo, Bing Liu, Shuoling Ong, Win Kent Ren, Chao Shao, Jiaqi Sun, Chuan Tang, Xiaoli Tae, Hong Xi Tong, Yongxin Wei, Shuyue Wu, Fan Xi, Wei Xu, Mingcong Yang, He Yang, Xin Yan, Jiangpeng Yu, Hao Yu, Han Zhang, Teng Zhang, Yifei Zhang, Xiaojin Zheng, Zhenzhe Fan, Lixin Yang, Qiang Machine Learning Artificial Intelligence Federated Foundation Models (FedFMs) represent a distributed learning paradigm that fuses general competences of foundation models as well as privacy-preserving capabilities of federated learning. This combination allows the large foundation models and the small local domain models at the remote clients to learn from each other in a teacher-student learning setting. This paper provides a comprehensive summary of the ten challenging problems inherent in FedFMs, encompassing foundational theory, utilization of private data, continual learning, unlearning, Non-IID and graph data, bidirectional knowledge transfer, incentive mechanism design, game mechanism design, model watermarking, and efficiency. The ten challenging problems manifest in five pivotal aspects: ``Foundational Theory," which aims to establish a coherent and unifying theoretical framework for FedFMs. ``Data," addressing the difficulties in leveraging domain-specific knowledge from private data while maintaining privacy; ``Heterogeneity," examining variations in data, model, and computational resources across clients; ``Security and Privacy," focusing on defenses against malicious attacks and model theft; and ``Efficiency," highlighting the need for improvements in training, communication, and parameter efficiency. For each problem, we offer a clear mathematical definition on the objective function, analyze existing methods, and discuss the key challenges and potential solutions. This in-depth exploration aims to advance the theoretical foundations of FedFMs, guide practical implementations, and inspire future research to overcome these obstacles, thereby enabling the robust, efficient, and privacy-preserving FedFMs in various real-world applications. |
| title | Ten Challenging Problems in Federated Foundation Models |
| topic | Machine Learning Artificial Intelligence |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.12176 |