Dimension reduction for Willmore flows of tori: fixed conformal class and analysis of singularities

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Main Authors: Dall'Acqua, Anna, Müller, Marius, Rupp, Fabian, Schlierf, Manuel
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Dall'Acqua, Anna
Müller, Marius
Rupp, Fabian
Schlierf, Manuel
author_facet Dall'Acqua, Anna
Müller, Marius
Rupp, Fabian
Schlierf, Manuel
contents This work studies Willmore flows of tori and their singularities via a dimension reduction approach. We introduce a Willmore flow that preserves the degenerate constraint of prescribed conformal class and, for rotationally symmetric initial data, we establish a strong relation with the length-preserving elastic flow in the hyperbolic plane. We provide a necessary condition for singularities and a criterion for the initial datum that allows to exclude them. Our results allow for initial data with arbitrarily large energy, in particular exceeding the usual Li-Yau threshold of $8π$. As an application, we obtain existence of a new class of conformally constrained Willmore tori. Moreover, we investigate singularities of the classical Willmore flow. For a class of tori, we identify a non-smooth object, the inverted catenoid, as the limit shape and we show that the flow can be restarted at this singular surface and converges to a round sphere.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2502_12606
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Dimension reduction for Willmore flows of tori: fixed conformal class and analysis of singularities
Dall'Acqua, Anna
Müller, Marius
Rupp, Fabian
Schlierf, Manuel
Analysis of PDEs
Differential Geometry
53E40 (primary), 35B40, 49Q10 (secondary)
This work studies Willmore flows of tori and their singularities via a dimension reduction approach. We introduce a Willmore flow that preserves the degenerate constraint of prescribed conformal class and, for rotationally symmetric initial data, we establish a strong relation with the length-preserving elastic flow in the hyperbolic plane. We provide a necessary condition for singularities and a criterion for the initial datum that allows to exclude them. Our results allow for initial data with arbitrarily large energy, in particular exceeding the usual Li-Yau threshold of $8π$. As an application, we obtain existence of a new class of conformally constrained Willmore tori. Moreover, we investigate singularities of the classical Willmore flow. For a class of tori, we identify a non-smooth object, the inverted catenoid, as the limit shape and we show that the flow can be restarted at this singular surface and converges to a round sphere.
title Dimension reduction for Willmore flows of tori: fixed conformal class and analysis of singularities
topic Analysis of PDEs
Differential Geometry
53E40 (primary), 35B40, 49Q10 (secondary)
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.12606