Non-Topological Soliton Bardeen Boson Stars and Their Frozen States
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| Formato: | Preprint |
| Publicado: |
2025
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| _version_ | 1866918017985675264 |
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| author | Zhao, Zhen-Hua Gu, Yi-Ning Liu, Shu-Cong Huang, Long-Xing Wang, Yong-Qiang |
| author_facet | Zhao, Zhen-Hua Gu, Yi-Ning Liu, Shu-Cong Huang, Long-Xing Wang, Yong-Qiang |
| contents | We investigate a Bardeen model coupling Einstein gravity with nonlinear electromagnetic fields and non-topological soliton complex scalar fields, governed by the magnetic charge $\tilde{q}$, the complex scalar field frequency $\tildeω$, and the self-interaction parameter $\tildeη$. Our results reveal that the magnetic charge $\tilde{q}$ exhibits $\tildeη$-dependent critical values $\tilde{q}_c$, beyond which ($\tilde{q} > \tilde{q}_c$) Bardeen boson stars (BBSs) may transition into frozen states ($\tildeω \to 0$). These frozen states are characterized by a critical horizon whose radius $\tilde r^\mathrm{H}_{c}$ satisfies $\tilde r_{\text{inner}}^{\text{H,RN}} < \tilde r_{c} < \tilde r_{\text{outer}}^{\text{H,RN}}$, where $\tilde r_{\text{inner}}^{\text{H,RN}}$ and $\tilde r_{\text{outer}}^{\text{RN}}$ denote the inner and outer horizons of magnetic Reissner-Nordström (RN) black holes with equivalent mass and magnetic charge. Notably, the ADM mass of frozen BBSs is independent of $\tildeη$. Furthermore, light ring (LR) solutions exist universally across all tested combinations of $\tilde{q}$ and $\tildeη$, with all frozen BBSs exhibiting LRs whose outer radius $\tilde r_{\text{outer}}^{\text{LR}}$ is independent of $\tildeη$. Compared to magnetic RN black holes, frozen BBSs possess a smaller outer LR radius ($\tilde r_{\text{outer}}^{\text{LR}} < \tilde r_{\text{outer}}^{\text{LR, RN}}$). |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2502_14153 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Non-Topological Soliton Bardeen Boson Stars and Their Frozen States Zhao, Zhen-Hua Gu, Yi-Ning Liu, Shu-Cong Huang, Long-Xing Wang, Yong-Qiang General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology High Energy Physics - Theory We investigate a Bardeen model coupling Einstein gravity with nonlinear electromagnetic fields and non-topological soliton complex scalar fields, governed by the magnetic charge $\tilde{q}$, the complex scalar field frequency $\tildeω$, and the self-interaction parameter $\tildeη$. Our results reveal that the magnetic charge $\tilde{q}$ exhibits $\tildeη$-dependent critical values $\tilde{q}_c$, beyond which ($\tilde{q} > \tilde{q}_c$) Bardeen boson stars (BBSs) may transition into frozen states ($\tildeω \to 0$). These frozen states are characterized by a critical horizon whose radius $\tilde r^\mathrm{H}_{c}$ satisfies $\tilde r_{\text{inner}}^{\text{H,RN}} < \tilde r_{c} < \tilde r_{\text{outer}}^{\text{H,RN}}$, where $\tilde r_{\text{inner}}^{\text{H,RN}}$ and $\tilde r_{\text{outer}}^{\text{RN}}$ denote the inner and outer horizons of magnetic Reissner-Nordström (RN) black holes with equivalent mass and magnetic charge. Notably, the ADM mass of frozen BBSs is independent of $\tildeη$. Furthermore, light ring (LR) solutions exist universally across all tested combinations of $\tilde{q}$ and $\tildeη$, with all frozen BBSs exhibiting LRs whose outer radius $\tilde r_{\text{outer}}^{\text{LR}}$ is independent of $\tildeη$. Compared to magnetic RN black holes, frozen BBSs possess a smaller outer LR radius ($\tilde r_{\text{outer}}^{\text{LR}} < \tilde r_{\text{outer}}^{\text{LR, RN}}$). |
| title | Non-Topological Soliton Bardeen Boson Stars and Their Frozen States |
| topic | General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology High Energy Physics - Theory |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.14153 |