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Main Authors: Lee, Rena A., Dai, Fei, Howard, Andrew W., Halverson, Samuel, Barrientos, Jonathan Gomez, Greklek-McKeon, Michael, Knutson, Heather A., Fulton, Benjamin J., Stefánsson, Guðmundur, Lubin, Jack, Isaacson, Howard, Brinkman, Casey L., Saunders, Nicholas, Hey, Daniel, Huber, Daniel, Weiss, Lauren M., Rogers, Leslie A., Valencia, Diana, Plotnykov, Mykhaylo, Paragas, Kimberly, Hu, Renyu, Han, Te, Petigura, Erik A., Rubenzahl, Ryan, Ciardi, David R., Householder, Aaron, Gilbert, Gregory J., Ong, J. M. Joel, Zhang, Jingwen, Luhn, Jacob, Handley, Luke, Beard, Corey, Giacalone, Steven, Holcomb, Rae, Van Zandt, Judah, Baker, Ashley D., Brodheim, Max, Brown, Matt, Charbonneau, David, Collins, Karen A., Crossfield, Ian J. M., Deich, William, Dumusque, Xavier, Gibson, Steven R., Gilbert, Emily, Hill, Grant M., Holden, Bradford, Jenkins, Jon M., Kaye, Stephen, Laher, Russ R., Lanclos, Kyle, Levine, W. Garrett, Payne, Joel, Polanski, Alex S., O'Meara, John, Ricker, George R., Rider, Kodi, Robertson, Paul, Roy, Arpita, Schlieder, Joshua E., Schwab, Christian, Seager, Sara, Shaum, Abby P., Sirk, Martin M., Striegel, Stephanie, Teske, Johanna, Valliant, John, Vanderspek, Roland, Vasisht, Gautam, Walawender, Josh, Wang, Sharon Xuesong, Winn, Joshua N., Wishnow, Edward, Yeh, Sherry
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
Subjects:
Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Online Access:https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.16087
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Table of Contents:
  • We report the confirmation of TOI-6324 b, an Earth-sized (1.059 $\pm$ 0.041 R$_\oplus$) ultra-short-period (USP) planet orbiting a nearby ($\sim$20 pc) M dwarf. Using the newly commissioned Keck Planet Finder (KPF) spectrograph, we have measured the mass of TOI-6324 b 1.17 $\pm$ 0.22 M$_\oplus$. Because of its extremely short orbit of just $\sim$6.7 hours, TOI-6324 b is intensely irradiated by its M dwarf host, and is expected to be stripped of any thick, H/He envelope. We were able to constrain its interior composition and found an iron core mass fraction (CMF = 27$\pm$37%) consistent with that of Earth ($\sim$33%) and other confirmed USPs. TOI-6324 b is the closest to Earth-sized USP confirmed to date. TOI-6324 b is a promising target for JWST phase curve and secondary eclipse observations (Emission Spectroscopy Metric = 25) which may reveal its surface mineralogy, day-night temperature contrast, and possible tidal deformation. From 7 sectors of TESS data, we report a tentative detection of the optical phase curve variation with an amplitude of 42$\pm$28 ppm.

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