Callan-Rubakov effects in topological insulators
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arXiv
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| Autori principali: | , , , , , |
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| Natura: | Preprint |
| Pubblicazione: |
2025
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| _version_ | 1866915169371684864 |
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| author | Nakai, Yusuke O. Dsouza, Reuel Nakamura, Daichi Hamanaka, Shu Schnyder, Andreas P. Sato, Masatoshi |
| author_facet | Nakai, Yusuke O. Dsouza, Reuel Nakamura, Daichi Hamanaka, Shu Schnyder, Andreas P. Sato, Masatoshi |
| contents | The Callan-Rubakov effect describes monopole-catalyzed proton decay. While this effect is fundamental for quantum field theories, its experimental observation has remained far from reality. Here, we reveal a similar, but experimentally reachable, defect-catalysis of the quantum anomaly in topological materials. In particular, surface Dirac fermions on topological insulators develop a distinct localized state at the position of dislocations or $π$-fluxes, which mediates spin-flip time-reversal breaking scattering or absorption of electrons. Despite the Hermiticity of topological insulators, a non-Hermitian topological number guarantees the robust existence of the localized state. Our finding implies that non-magnetic defects may behave like magnetic impurities on surfaces of topological insulators. Using the K-theory classification, we generalize this condensed-matter version of the Callan-Rubakov effect to other classes of topological materials. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2502_16729 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Callan-Rubakov effects in topological insulators Nakai, Yusuke O. Dsouza, Reuel Nakamura, Daichi Hamanaka, Shu Schnyder, Andreas P. Sato, Masatoshi Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics Materials Science Strongly Correlated Electrons Superconductivity High Energy Physics - Theory The Callan-Rubakov effect describes monopole-catalyzed proton decay. While this effect is fundamental for quantum field theories, its experimental observation has remained far from reality. Here, we reveal a similar, but experimentally reachable, defect-catalysis of the quantum anomaly in topological materials. In particular, surface Dirac fermions on topological insulators develop a distinct localized state at the position of dislocations or $π$-fluxes, which mediates spin-flip time-reversal breaking scattering or absorption of electrons. Despite the Hermiticity of topological insulators, a non-Hermitian topological number guarantees the robust existence of the localized state. Our finding implies that non-magnetic defects may behave like magnetic impurities on surfaces of topological insulators. Using the K-theory classification, we generalize this condensed-matter version of the Callan-Rubakov effect to other classes of topological materials. |
| title | Callan-Rubakov effects in topological insulators |
| topic | Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics Materials Science Strongly Correlated Electrons Superconductivity High Energy Physics - Theory |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.16729 |