Hotter and Colder: A New Approach to Annotating Sentiment, Emotions, and Bias in Icelandic Blog Comments

Fuente: arXiv
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Hauptverfasser: Friðriksdóttir, Steinunn Rut, Nielsen, Dan Saattrup, Einarsson, Hafsteinn
Format: Preprint
Veröffentlicht: 2025
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author Friðriksdóttir, Steinunn Rut
Nielsen, Dan Saattrup
Einarsson, Hafsteinn
author_facet Friðriksdóttir, Steinunn Rut
Nielsen, Dan Saattrup
Einarsson, Hafsteinn
contents This paper presents Hotter and Colder, a dataset designed to analyze various types of online behavior in Icelandic blog comments. Building on previous work, we used GPT-4o mini to annotate approximately 800,000 comments for 25 tasks, including sentiment analysis, emotion detection, hate speech, and group generalizations. Each comment was automatically labeled on a 5-point Likert scale. In a second annotation stage, comments with high or low probabilities of containing each examined behavior were subjected to manual revision. By leveraging crowdworkers to refine these automatically labeled comments, we ensure the quality and accuracy of our dataset resulting in 12,232 uniquely annotated comments and 19,301 annotations. Hotter and Colder provides an essential resource for advancing research in content moderation and automatically detectiong harmful online behaviors in Icelandic.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2502_16987
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Hotter and Colder: A New Approach to Annotating Sentiment, Emotions, and Bias in Icelandic Blog Comments
Friðriksdóttir, Steinunn Rut
Nielsen, Dan Saattrup
Einarsson, Hafsteinn
Computation and Language
Artificial Intelligence
This paper presents Hotter and Colder, a dataset designed to analyze various types of online behavior in Icelandic blog comments. Building on previous work, we used GPT-4o mini to annotate approximately 800,000 comments for 25 tasks, including sentiment analysis, emotion detection, hate speech, and group generalizations. Each comment was automatically labeled on a 5-point Likert scale. In a second annotation stage, comments with high or low probabilities of containing each examined behavior were subjected to manual revision. By leveraging crowdworkers to refine these automatically labeled comments, we ensure the quality and accuracy of our dataset resulting in 12,232 uniquely annotated comments and 19,301 annotations. Hotter and Colder provides an essential resource for advancing research in content moderation and automatically detectiong harmful online behaviors in Icelandic.
title Hotter and Colder: A New Approach to Annotating Sentiment, Emotions, and Bias in Icelandic Blog Comments
topic Computation and Language
Artificial Intelligence
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.16987