_version_ 1866909550965161984
author Lusso, Elisabeta
Casetti, Lapo
Romoli, Marco
Fossi, Lara
Nardini, Emanuele
Arra, Emanuele
Barsi, Benedetta
Calamai, Clarissa
Campani, Francesca
Capogrosso, Riccardo
Tegli, Francesco Chiti
Ciantini, Riccardo
Demertzi, Eirini
Gaitani, Marina A.
Giudice, Asia
Gori, Alessia
Graziani, Lorenzo
Macchiarini, Laura
Michelagnoli, Marianna
Niccolai, Chiara
Parenti, Irene
Pistolesi, Simone
Rago, Martina
Romani, Ofelia
Sani, Leonardo
Sartini, Jacopo
Scianni, Matilde
Triggianese, Alba
Andreuzzi, Gloria
Ambrosino, Filippo
author_facet Lusso, Elisabeta
Casetti, Lapo
Romoli, Marco
Fossi, Lara
Nardini, Emanuele
Arra, Emanuele
Barsi, Benedetta
Calamai, Clarissa
Campani, Francesca
Capogrosso, Riccardo
Tegli, Francesco Chiti
Ciantini, Riccardo
Demertzi, Eirini
Gaitani, Marina A.
Giudice, Asia
Gori, Alessia
Graziani, Lorenzo
Macchiarini, Laura
Michelagnoli, Marianna
Niccolai, Chiara
Parenti, Irene
Pistolesi, Simone
Rago, Martina
Romani, Ofelia
Sani, Leonardo
Sartini, Jacopo
Scianni, Matilde
Triggianese, Alba
Andreuzzi, Gloria
Ambrosino, Filippo
contents Active galactic nuclei (AGN) are known to be variable sources across the entire electromagnetic spectrum, in particular at optical/ultraviolet and X-ray energies. Over the past decades, a growing number of AGN have displayed type transitions: from type 1 to type 2 or viceversa within a few years or even several months. These galaxies have been commonly referred to as changing-look AGN (CLAGN). Here we report on a new CLAGN, NGC 4614, which transitioned from a type 1.9 to a type 2 state. NGC 4614 is a nearly face-on barred galaxy at redshift $z = 0.016$, classified as a low-luminosity AGN. Its central black hole has a mass of about $1.6\times 10^7 M_\odot$ and an Eddington ratio around 1 percent. We recently acquired optical spectra of NGC 4614 at the Telescopio Nazionale Galileo and the data clearly suggest that the broad H$α$ component has strongly dimmed, if not disappeared. A very recent Swift observation confirmed our current optical data, with the AGN weakened by almost a factor of 10 with respect to previous X-ray observations. Indeed, NGC 4614 had been also observed by Swift/XRT 6 times in 2011, when the source was clearly detected in all observations. By fitting the stack of the 2011 Swift observations we obtain a photon index of $Γ=1.3\pm0.3$ and an equivalent hydrogen column density of $N_{\rm H}$=$1.2\pm0.3$ $\times$10$^{22}$ cm$^{-2}$, indicating that NGC 4614 can be moderately absorbed in the X-rays. Although a significant change in the foreground gas absorption that may have obscured the broad line region cannot be entirely ruled out, the most likely explanation for our optical and X-ray data is that NGC 4614 is experiencing a change in the accretion state that reduces the radiative efficiency of the X-ray corona.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2502_17617
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Low-Eddington ratio, changing-look active galactic nuclei: the case of NGC 4614
Lusso, Elisabeta
Casetti, Lapo
Romoli, Marco
Fossi, Lara
Nardini, Emanuele
Arra, Emanuele
Barsi, Benedetta
Calamai, Clarissa
Campani, Francesca
Capogrosso, Riccardo
Tegli, Francesco Chiti
Ciantini, Riccardo
Demertzi, Eirini
Gaitani, Marina A.
Giudice, Asia
Gori, Alessia
Graziani, Lorenzo
Macchiarini, Laura
Michelagnoli, Marianna
Niccolai, Chiara
Parenti, Irene
Pistolesi, Simone
Rago, Martina
Romani, Ofelia
Sani, Leonardo
Sartini, Jacopo
Scianni, Matilde
Triggianese, Alba
Andreuzzi, Gloria
Ambrosino, Filippo
Astrophysics of Galaxies
Active galactic nuclei (AGN) are known to be variable sources across the entire electromagnetic spectrum, in particular at optical/ultraviolet and X-ray energies. Over the past decades, a growing number of AGN have displayed type transitions: from type 1 to type 2 or viceversa within a few years or even several months. These galaxies have been commonly referred to as changing-look AGN (CLAGN). Here we report on a new CLAGN, NGC 4614, which transitioned from a type 1.9 to a type 2 state. NGC 4614 is a nearly face-on barred galaxy at redshift $z = 0.016$, classified as a low-luminosity AGN. Its central black hole has a mass of about $1.6\times 10^7 M_\odot$ and an Eddington ratio around 1 percent. We recently acquired optical spectra of NGC 4614 at the Telescopio Nazionale Galileo and the data clearly suggest that the broad H$α$ component has strongly dimmed, if not disappeared. A very recent Swift observation confirmed our current optical data, with the AGN weakened by almost a factor of 10 with respect to previous X-ray observations. Indeed, NGC 4614 had been also observed by Swift/XRT 6 times in 2011, when the source was clearly detected in all observations. By fitting the stack of the 2011 Swift observations we obtain a photon index of $Γ=1.3\pm0.3$ and an equivalent hydrogen column density of $N_{\rm H}$=$1.2\pm0.3$ $\times$10$^{22}$ cm$^{-2}$, indicating that NGC 4614 can be moderately absorbed in the X-rays. Although a significant change in the foreground gas absorption that may have obscured the broad line region cannot be entirely ruled out, the most likely explanation for our optical and X-ray data is that NGC 4614 is experiencing a change in the accretion state that reduces the radiative efficiency of the X-ray corona.
title Low-Eddington ratio, changing-look active galactic nuclei: the case of NGC 4614
topic Astrophysics of Galaxies
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.17617