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| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Published: |
2025
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| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.19157 |
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| _version_ | 1866916892017426432 |
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| author | Nakamura, Shin Okabayashi, Fuminori |
| author_facet | Nakamura, Shin Okabayashi, Fuminori |
| contents | We examine the concept of temperature in non-equilibrium steady states. Using the D3-D5 model of gauge/gravity duality, we investigate spontaneous symmetry breaking in a relativistic (2+1)-dimensional defect moving at constant velocity within a (3+1)-dimensional heat bath. We find that the dependence of the order parameter on both the heat bath temperature and the defect velocity can be captured by a single variable -- the proper effective temperature -- for the moving defect. Our results suggest that the proper effective temperature is an essential parameter for a class of relativistic non-equilibrium steady states. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2502_19157 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Proper effective temperature and order parameters in relativistic non-equilibrium steady states Nakamura, Shin Okabayashi, Fuminori High Energy Physics - Theory Statistical Mechanics Nuclear Theory We examine the concept of temperature in non-equilibrium steady states. Using the D3-D5 model of gauge/gravity duality, we investigate spontaneous symmetry breaking in a relativistic (2+1)-dimensional defect moving at constant velocity within a (3+1)-dimensional heat bath. We find that the dependence of the order parameter on both the heat bath temperature and the defect velocity can be captured by a single variable -- the proper effective temperature -- for the moving defect. Our results suggest that the proper effective temperature is an essential parameter for a class of relativistic non-equilibrium steady states. |
| title | Proper effective temperature and order parameters in relativistic non-equilibrium steady states |
| topic | High Energy Physics - Theory Statistical Mechanics Nuclear Theory |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.19157 |