Enhanced Efficiency in Shear-Loaded Brownian Gyrators

Fuente: arXiv
Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Abdoli, Iman, Sharma, Abhinav, Löwen, Hartmut
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
Subjects:
Online Access:
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1866929732712398848
author Abdoli, Iman
Sharma, Abhinav
Löwen, Hartmut
author_facet Abdoli, Iman
Sharma, Abhinav
Löwen, Hartmut
contents A Brownian gyrator is a system in which a particle experiences thermal noise from two distinct heat baths. This nonequilibrium setup inherently generates a nonzero torque, leading to gyrating motion around a potential energy minimum. As a minimal model for a heat engine, the Brownian gyrator provides valuable insights into energy conversion and nonequilibrium dynamics. Here, we investigate the effect of an externally imposed shear flow on a Brownian gyrator, treating it as a mechanical load. The shear flow introduces a tunable mechanism that allows the system to operate either as a heat engine, extracting work from the temperature gradient, or as a refrigerator, transferring heat from the colder to the hotter bath. Focusing on the heat engine regime, we analytically derive the steady-state probability distribution to compute the average torque exerted by the gyrator and quantify the mechanical power extracted from the shear. Our results show a remarkable increase in efficiency compared to the standard Brownian gyrator without shear, approaching Carnot efficiency at maximum power. Surprisingly, we also find that while the system can operate efficiently as a heat engine, it may become unstable before reaching the stall condition, highlighting a fundamental trade-off between efficiency and stability in shear-driven microscopic engines.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2502_19222
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Enhanced Efficiency in Shear-Loaded Brownian Gyrators
Abdoli, Iman
Sharma, Abhinav
Löwen, Hartmut
Statistical Mechanics
Soft Condensed Matter
Fluid Dynamics
A Brownian gyrator is a system in which a particle experiences thermal noise from two distinct heat baths. This nonequilibrium setup inherently generates a nonzero torque, leading to gyrating motion around a potential energy minimum. As a minimal model for a heat engine, the Brownian gyrator provides valuable insights into energy conversion and nonequilibrium dynamics. Here, we investigate the effect of an externally imposed shear flow on a Brownian gyrator, treating it as a mechanical load. The shear flow introduces a tunable mechanism that allows the system to operate either as a heat engine, extracting work from the temperature gradient, or as a refrigerator, transferring heat from the colder to the hotter bath. Focusing on the heat engine regime, we analytically derive the steady-state probability distribution to compute the average torque exerted by the gyrator and quantify the mechanical power extracted from the shear. Our results show a remarkable increase in efficiency compared to the standard Brownian gyrator without shear, approaching Carnot efficiency at maximum power. Surprisingly, we also find that while the system can operate efficiently as a heat engine, it may become unstable before reaching the stall condition, highlighting a fundamental trade-off between efficiency and stability in shear-driven microscopic engines.
title Enhanced Efficiency in Shear-Loaded Brownian Gyrators
topic Statistical Mechanics
Soft Condensed Matter
Fluid Dynamics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.19222