Numerical simulations of density perturbation and gravitational wave production from cosmological first-order phase transition
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| Autores principales: | , , , |
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| Formato: | Preprint |
| Publicado: |
2025
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| _version_ | 1866914462025383936 |
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| author | Zou, Jintao Zhu, Zhiqing Zhao, Zizhuo Bian, Ligong |
| author_facet | Zou, Jintao Zhu, Zhiqing Zhao, Zizhuo Bian, Ligong |
| contents | We conducted three-dimensional lattice simulations to study the density perturbation and gravitational waves (GWs) during first-order phase transition (FOPT). We find that for phase transition strength $α> 1$, the forward motion of bubble walls becomes the primary source, whereas for $α< 1$, the dominant contribution to the density perturbation comes from the delay of vacuum decay. Additionally, the power spectrum of density perturbations generated by the phase transition exhibits a slope of $k^3$ at small wavenumbers and $k^{-1.5}$ at large wavenumbers. Furthermore, we calculated the GW power spectra, which exhibit the slope of $k^3$ at small wavenumbers and $k^{-2}$ at large wavenumbers. Our numerical simulations confirm that slow PTs can produce PBHs and provide predictions for the GW power spectrum, offering theoretical support for GW detection. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2502_20166 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Numerical simulations of density perturbation and gravitational wave production from cosmological first-order phase transition Zou, Jintao Zhu, Zhiqing Zhao, Zizhuo Bian, Ligong High Energy Physics - Phenomenology Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics High Energy Physics - Theory We conducted three-dimensional lattice simulations to study the density perturbation and gravitational waves (GWs) during first-order phase transition (FOPT). We find that for phase transition strength $α> 1$, the forward motion of bubble walls becomes the primary source, whereas for $α< 1$, the dominant contribution to the density perturbation comes from the delay of vacuum decay. Additionally, the power spectrum of density perturbations generated by the phase transition exhibits a slope of $k^3$ at small wavenumbers and $k^{-1.5}$ at large wavenumbers. Furthermore, we calculated the GW power spectra, which exhibit the slope of $k^3$ at small wavenumbers and $k^{-2}$ at large wavenumbers. Our numerical simulations confirm that slow PTs can produce PBHs and provide predictions for the GW power spectrum, offering theoretical support for GW detection. |
| title | Numerical simulations of density perturbation and gravitational wave production from cosmological first-order phase transition |
| topic | High Energy Physics - Phenomenology Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics High Energy Physics - Theory |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.20166 |