Environment-friendly technologies with lead-free piezoelectric materials: A review of recent developments, applications, and modelling approaches

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Akshayveer, Akshayveer, Buroni, Federico C, Melnik, Roderick, Rodriguez-Tembleque, Luis, Saez, Andres
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Akshayveer, Akshayveer
Buroni, Federico C
Melnik, Roderick
Rodriguez-Tembleque, Luis
Saez, Andres
author_facet Akshayveer, Akshayveer
Buroni, Federico C
Melnik, Roderick
Rodriguez-Tembleque, Luis
Saez, Andres
contents Piezoelectric materials are widely used in several industries, including power sources, energy harvesting, biomedical, electronics, haptic, photostrictive, and sensor/actuator technologies. Conventional piezoelectric materials, such lead zirconate titanate (PZT), pose significant environmental and health risks due to lead content. Recent years have seen a growing need for eco-friendly alternatives to lead-based piezoelectric technologies. The drawback of lead-free piezoelectric materials is a reduced responsiveness. To enhance the performance of lead-free piezoelectric materials, substantial research is being undertaken using both experimental and numerical methods. The experimental studies provide a deep understanding of the process and are crucial for developing lead-free piezoelectric materials. Relying only on experimental research is not feasible due to high expenditures. To understand the piezoelectric properties of lead-free materials and enhance their efficiency, it is crucial to develop varied numerical models and computational methods. This paper is a comprehensive summary of lead-free piezoelectric technology breakthroughs. The study emphasizes numerical models that demonstrate enhanced piezoelectric behaviour and their use in eco-friendly technologies like energy harvesting, haptics, nano-electromechanical, photostrictive, and biomedical sensors and actuators using lead-free materials. The paper discusses the synthesis, properties, and applications of eco-friendly materials, highlighting their potential to revolutionize piezoelectric devices and promote sustainable development and conservation.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2502_20250
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Environment-friendly technologies with lead-free piezoelectric materials: A review of recent developments, applications, and modelling approaches
Akshayveer, Akshayveer
Buroni, Federico C
Melnik, Roderick
Rodriguez-Tembleque, Luis
Saez, Andres
Materials Science
Mathematical Physics
Piezoelectric materials are widely used in several industries, including power sources, energy harvesting, biomedical, electronics, haptic, photostrictive, and sensor/actuator technologies. Conventional piezoelectric materials, such lead zirconate titanate (PZT), pose significant environmental and health risks due to lead content. Recent years have seen a growing need for eco-friendly alternatives to lead-based piezoelectric technologies. The drawback of lead-free piezoelectric materials is a reduced responsiveness. To enhance the performance of lead-free piezoelectric materials, substantial research is being undertaken using both experimental and numerical methods. The experimental studies provide a deep understanding of the process and are crucial for developing lead-free piezoelectric materials. Relying only on experimental research is not feasible due to high expenditures. To understand the piezoelectric properties of lead-free materials and enhance their efficiency, it is crucial to develop varied numerical models and computational methods. This paper is a comprehensive summary of lead-free piezoelectric technology breakthroughs. The study emphasizes numerical models that demonstrate enhanced piezoelectric behaviour and their use in eco-friendly technologies like energy harvesting, haptics, nano-electromechanical, photostrictive, and biomedical sensors and actuators using lead-free materials. The paper discusses the synthesis, properties, and applications of eco-friendly materials, highlighting their potential to revolutionize piezoelectric devices and promote sustainable development and conservation.
title Environment-friendly technologies with lead-free piezoelectric materials: A review of recent developments, applications, and modelling approaches
topic Materials Science
Mathematical Physics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.20250