The Impact of Navigation on Proxemics in an Immersive Virtual Environment with Conversational Agents

Fuente: arXiv
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Auteurs principaux: Connolly, Rose, Buck, Lauren, Zordan, Victor, McDonnell, Rachel
Format: Preprint
Publié: 2025
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_version_ 1866913073958223872
author Connolly, Rose
Buck, Lauren
Zordan, Victor
McDonnell, Rachel
author_facet Connolly, Rose
Buck, Lauren
Zordan, Victor
McDonnell, Rachel
contents As social VR grows in popularity, understanding how to optimise interactions becomes increasingly important. Interpersonal distance (the physical space people maintain between each other) is a key aspect of user experience. Previous work in psychology has shown that breaches of personal space cause stress and discomfort. Thus, effectively managing this distance is crucial in social VR, where social interactions are frequent. Teleportation, a commonly used locomotion method in these environments, involves distinct cognitive processes and requires users to rely on their ability to estimate distance. Despite its widespread use, the effect of teleportation on proximity remains unexplored. To investigate this, we measured the interpersonal distance of 70 participants during interactions with embodied conversational agents, comparing teleportation to natural walking. Our findings revealed that participants maintained closer proximity from the agents during teleportation. Female participants kept greater distances from the agents than male participants, and natural walking was associated with higher agency and body ownership, though co-presence remained unchanged. We propose that differences in spatial perception and spatial cognitive load contribute to reduced interpersonal distance with teleportation. These findings emphasise that proximity should be a key consideration when selecting locomotion methods in social VR, highlighting the need for further research on how locomotion impacts spatial perception and social dynamics in virtual environments.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2502_20990
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle The Impact of Navigation on Proxemics in an Immersive Virtual Environment with Conversational Agents
Connolly, Rose
Buck, Lauren
Zordan, Victor
McDonnell, Rachel
Human-Computer Interaction
As social VR grows in popularity, understanding how to optimise interactions becomes increasingly important. Interpersonal distance (the physical space people maintain between each other) is a key aspect of user experience. Previous work in psychology has shown that breaches of personal space cause stress and discomfort. Thus, effectively managing this distance is crucial in social VR, where social interactions are frequent. Teleportation, a commonly used locomotion method in these environments, involves distinct cognitive processes and requires users to rely on their ability to estimate distance. Despite its widespread use, the effect of teleportation on proximity remains unexplored. To investigate this, we measured the interpersonal distance of 70 participants during interactions with embodied conversational agents, comparing teleportation to natural walking. Our findings revealed that participants maintained closer proximity from the agents during teleportation. Female participants kept greater distances from the agents than male participants, and natural walking was associated with higher agency and body ownership, though co-presence remained unchanged. We propose that differences in spatial perception and spatial cognitive load contribute to reduced interpersonal distance with teleportation. These findings emphasise that proximity should be a key consideration when selecting locomotion methods in social VR, highlighting the need for further research on how locomotion impacts spatial perception and social dynamics in virtual environments.
title The Impact of Navigation on Proxemics in an Immersive Virtual Environment with Conversational Agents
topic Human-Computer Interaction
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.20990