_version_ 1866909753139003392
author Xiao, Mengyuan
Oesch, Pascal A.
Bing, Longji
Elbaz, David
Matthee, Jorryt
Fudamoto, Yoshinobu
Fujimoto, Seiji
Marques-Chaves, Rui
Williams, Christina C.
Dessauges-Zavadsky, Miroslava
Valentino, Francesco
Brammer, Gabriel
Covelo-Paz, Alba
Daddi, Emanuele
Fynbo, Johan P. U.
Gillman, Steven
Ginolfi, Michele
Giovinazzo, Emma
Greene, Jenny E.
Gu, Qiusheng
Illingworth, Garth
Inayoshi, Kohei
Kokorev, Vasily
Meyer, Romain A.
Naidu, Rohan P.
Reddy, Naveen A.
Schaerer, Daniel
Shapley, Alice
Stefanon, Mauro
Steinhardt, Charles L.
Setton, David J.
Vestergaard, Marianne
Wang, Tao
author_facet Xiao, Mengyuan
Oesch, Pascal A.
Bing, Longji
Elbaz, David
Matthee, Jorryt
Fudamoto, Yoshinobu
Fujimoto, Seiji
Marques-Chaves, Rui
Williams, Christina C.
Dessauges-Zavadsky, Miroslava
Valentino, Francesco
Brammer, Gabriel
Covelo-Paz, Alba
Daddi, Emanuele
Fynbo, Johan P. U.
Gillman, Steven
Ginolfi, Michele
Giovinazzo, Emma
Greene, Jenny E.
Gu, Qiusheng
Illingworth, Garth
Inayoshi, Kohei
Kokorev, Vasily
Meyer, Romain A.
Naidu, Rohan P.
Reddy, Naveen A.
Schaerer, Daniel
Shapley, Alice
Stefanon, Mauro
Steinhardt, Charles L.
Setton, David J.
Vestergaard, Marianne
Wang, Tao
contents Little Red Dots (LRDs) are compact, point-like sources characterized by their red color and broad Balmer lines, which have been debated to be either dominated by active galactic nuclei (AGN) or dusty star-forming galaxies (DSFGs). Here we report two LRDs (ID9094 and ID2756) at z$_{\rm spec}$>7, recently discovered in the JWST FRESCO GOODS-North field. Both satisfy the "v-shape" colors and compactness criteria for LRDs and are identified as Type-I AGN candidates based on their broad H$β$ emission lines (full width at half maximum: 2280$\pm$490 km/s for ID9094 and 1070$\pm$240 km/s for ID2756) and narrow [OI] lines ($\sim$ 300-400 km/s). To investigate their nature, we conduct deep NOEMA follow-up observations targeting the [CII] 158${\rm μm}$ emission line and the 1.3 mm dust continuum. We do not detect [CII] or 1.3 mm continuum emission for either source. Notably, in the scenario that the two LRDs were DSFGs, we would expect significant detections: $>16σ$ for [CII] and $>3σ$ for the 1.3 mm continuum of ID9094, and $>5σ$ for [CII] of ID2756. Using the 3$σ$ upper limits of [CII] and 1.3 mm, we perform two analyses: (1) UV-to-FIR spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting with and without AGN components, and (2) comparison of their properties with the L$_{[CII]}$-SFR$_{tot}$ empirical relation. Both analyses are consistent with a scenario where AGN activity may contribute to the observed properties, though a dusty star-forming origin cannot be fully ruled out. Our results highlight the importance of far-infrared observations for studying LRDs, a regime that remains largely unexplored.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2503_01945
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle No [CII] or dust detection in two Little Red Dots at z$_{\rm spec}$ > 7
Xiao, Mengyuan
Oesch, Pascal A.
Bing, Longji
Elbaz, David
Matthee, Jorryt
Fudamoto, Yoshinobu
Fujimoto, Seiji
Marques-Chaves, Rui
Williams, Christina C.
Dessauges-Zavadsky, Miroslava
Valentino, Francesco
Brammer, Gabriel
Covelo-Paz, Alba
Daddi, Emanuele
Fynbo, Johan P. U.
Gillman, Steven
Ginolfi, Michele
Giovinazzo, Emma
Greene, Jenny E.
Gu, Qiusheng
Illingworth, Garth
Inayoshi, Kohei
Kokorev, Vasily
Meyer, Romain A.
Naidu, Rohan P.
Reddy, Naveen A.
Schaerer, Daniel
Shapley, Alice
Stefanon, Mauro
Steinhardt, Charles L.
Setton, David J.
Vestergaard, Marianne
Wang, Tao
Astrophysics of Galaxies
Little Red Dots (LRDs) are compact, point-like sources characterized by their red color and broad Balmer lines, which have been debated to be either dominated by active galactic nuclei (AGN) or dusty star-forming galaxies (DSFGs). Here we report two LRDs (ID9094 and ID2756) at z$_{\rm spec}$>7, recently discovered in the JWST FRESCO GOODS-North field. Both satisfy the "v-shape" colors and compactness criteria for LRDs and are identified as Type-I AGN candidates based on their broad H$β$ emission lines (full width at half maximum: 2280$\pm$490 km/s for ID9094 and 1070$\pm$240 km/s for ID2756) and narrow [OI] lines ($\sim$ 300-400 km/s). To investigate their nature, we conduct deep NOEMA follow-up observations targeting the [CII] 158${\rm μm}$ emission line and the 1.3 mm dust continuum. We do not detect [CII] or 1.3 mm continuum emission for either source. Notably, in the scenario that the two LRDs were DSFGs, we would expect significant detections: $>16σ$ for [CII] and $>3σ$ for the 1.3 mm continuum of ID9094, and $>5σ$ for [CII] of ID2756. Using the 3$σ$ upper limits of [CII] and 1.3 mm, we perform two analyses: (1) UV-to-FIR spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting with and without AGN components, and (2) comparison of their properties with the L$_{[CII]}$-SFR$_{tot}$ empirical relation. Both analyses are consistent with a scenario where AGN activity may contribute to the observed properties, though a dusty star-forming origin cannot be fully ruled out. Our results highlight the importance of far-infrared observations for studying LRDs, a regime that remains largely unexplored.
title No [CII] or dust detection in two Little Red Dots at z$_{\rm spec}$ > 7
topic Astrophysics of Galaxies
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.01945