Deflection angle in the strong deflection limit: A perspective from local geometrical invariants and matter distributions

Fuente: arXiv
Gespeichert in:
Bibliographische Detailangaben
1. Verfasser: Igata, Takahisa
Format: Preprint
Veröffentlicht: 2025
Schlagworte:
Online-Zugang:
Tags: Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
_version_ 1866911452073295872
author Igata, Takahisa
author_facet Igata, Takahisa
contents In static, spherically symmetric spacetimes, the deflection angle of photons in the strong deflection limit exhibits a logarithmic divergence. We introduce an analytical framework that clarifies the physical origin of this divergence by employing local, coordinate-invariant geometric quantities alongside the properties of the matter distribution. In contrast to conventional formulations -- where the divergence rate $\bar{a}$ is expressed via coordinate-dependent metric functions -- our approach relates $\bar{a}$ to the components of the Einstein tensor in an orthonormal basis adapted to the spacetime symmetry. By applying the Einstein equations, we derive the expression \begin{align*} \bar{a}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1-8πR_{\mathrm{m}}^2\left(ρ_{\mathrm{m}}+Π_{\mathrm{m}}\right)}}, \end{align*} where $ρ_{\mathrm{m}}$ and $Π_{\mathrm{m}}$ denote the local energy density and tangential pressure evaluated at the photon sphere of areal radius $R_{\mathrm{m}}$. This result reveals that $\bar{a}$ is intrinsically governed by the local matter distribution, with the universal value $\bar{a}=1$ emerging when $ρ_{\mathrm{m}}+Π_{\mathrm{m}}=0$. Notably, this finding resolves the long-standing puzzle of obtaining $\bar{a}=1$ in a class of spacetimes supported by a massless scalar field. Furthermore, these local properties are reflected in the frequencies of quasinormal modes, suggesting a profound connection between strong gravitational lensing and the dynamical response of gravitational wave signals.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2503_02320
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Deflection angle in the strong deflection limit: A perspective from local geometrical invariants and matter distributions
Igata, Takahisa
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
High Energy Physics - Theory
In static, spherically symmetric spacetimes, the deflection angle of photons in the strong deflection limit exhibits a logarithmic divergence. We introduce an analytical framework that clarifies the physical origin of this divergence by employing local, coordinate-invariant geometric quantities alongside the properties of the matter distribution. In contrast to conventional formulations -- where the divergence rate $\bar{a}$ is expressed via coordinate-dependent metric functions -- our approach relates $\bar{a}$ to the components of the Einstein tensor in an orthonormal basis adapted to the spacetime symmetry. By applying the Einstein equations, we derive the expression \begin{align*} \bar{a}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1-8πR_{\mathrm{m}}^2\left(ρ_{\mathrm{m}}+Π_{\mathrm{m}}\right)}}, \end{align*} where $ρ_{\mathrm{m}}$ and $Π_{\mathrm{m}}$ denote the local energy density and tangential pressure evaluated at the photon sphere of areal radius $R_{\mathrm{m}}$. This result reveals that $\bar{a}$ is intrinsically governed by the local matter distribution, with the universal value $\bar{a}=1$ emerging when $ρ_{\mathrm{m}}+Π_{\mathrm{m}}=0$. Notably, this finding resolves the long-standing puzzle of obtaining $\bar{a}=1$ in a class of spacetimes supported by a massless scalar field. Furthermore, these local properties are reflected in the frequencies of quasinormal modes, suggesting a profound connection between strong gravitational lensing and the dynamical response of gravitational wave signals.
title Deflection angle in the strong deflection limit: A perspective from local geometrical invariants and matter distributions
topic General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
High Energy Physics - Theory
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.02320