Adapting Decoder-Based Language Models for Diverse Encoder Downstream Tasks

Fuente: arXiv
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Autori principali: Suganthan, Paul, Moiseev, Fedor, Yan, Le, Wu, Junru, Ni, Jianmo, Han, Jay, Zitouni, Imed, Alfonseca, Enrique, Wang, Xuanhui, Dong, Zhe
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2025
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author Suganthan, Paul
Moiseev, Fedor
Yan, Le
Wu, Junru
Ni, Jianmo
Han, Jay
Zitouni, Imed
Alfonseca, Enrique
Wang, Xuanhui
Dong, Zhe
author_facet Suganthan, Paul
Moiseev, Fedor
Yan, Le
Wu, Junru
Ni, Jianmo
Han, Jay
Zitouni, Imed
Alfonseca, Enrique
Wang, Xuanhui
Dong, Zhe
contents Decoder-based transformers, while revolutionizing language modeling and scaling to immense sizes, have not completely overtaken encoder-heavy architectures in natural language processing. Specifically, encoder-only models remain dominant in tasks like classification, regression, and ranking. This is primarily due to the inherent structure of decoder-based models, which limits their direct applicability to these tasks. In this paper, we introduce Gemma Encoder, adapting the powerful Gemma decoder model to an encoder architecture, thereby unlocking its potential for a wider range of non-generative applications. To optimize the adaptation from decoder to encoder, we systematically analyze various pooling strategies, attention mechanisms, and hyperparameters (e.g., dropout rate). Furthermore, we benchmark Gemma Encoder against established approaches on the GLUE benchmarks, and MS MARCO ranking benchmark, demonstrating its effectiveness and versatility.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2503_02656
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Adapting Decoder-Based Language Models for Diverse Encoder Downstream Tasks
Suganthan, Paul
Moiseev, Fedor
Yan, Le
Wu, Junru
Ni, Jianmo
Han, Jay
Zitouni, Imed
Alfonseca, Enrique
Wang, Xuanhui
Dong, Zhe
Computation and Language
Machine Learning
Decoder-based transformers, while revolutionizing language modeling and scaling to immense sizes, have not completely overtaken encoder-heavy architectures in natural language processing. Specifically, encoder-only models remain dominant in tasks like classification, regression, and ranking. This is primarily due to the inherent structure of decoder-based models, which limits their direct applicability to these tasks. In this paper, we introduce Gemma Encoder, adapting the powerful Gemma decoder model to an encoder architecture, thereby unlocking its potential for a wider range of non-generative applications. To optimize the adaptation from decoder to encoder, we systematically analyze various pooling strategies, attention mechanisms, and hyperparameters (e.g., dropout rate). Furthermore, we benchmark Gemma Encoder against established approaches on the GLUE benchmarks, and MS MARCO ranking benchmark, demonstrating its effectiveness and versatility.
title Adapting Decoder-Based Language Models for Diverse Encoder Downstream Tasks
topic Computation and Language
Machine Learning
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.02656