StarFlow: Leveraging Normalizing Flows for Stellar Age Estimation in SDSS-V DR19

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Stone-Martinez, Alexander, Holtzman, Jon A., Yuxi, Lu, Hasselquist, Sten, Imig, Julie, Griffith, Emily J., Bellinger, Earl, Saydjari, Andrew K.
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Stone-Martinez, Alexander
Holtzman, Jon A.
Yuxi
Lu
Hasselquist, Sten
Imig, Julie
Griffith, Emily J.
Bellinger, Earl
Saydjari, Andrew K.
author_facet Stone-Martinez, Alexander
Holtzman, Jon A.
Yuxi
Lu
Hasselquist, Sten
Imig, Julie
Griffith, Emily J.
Bellinger, Earl
Saydjari, Andrew K.
contents Understanding the ages of stars is crucial for unraveling the formation history and evolution of our Galaxy. Traditional methods for estimating stellar ages from spectroscopic data often struggle with providing appropriate uncertainty estimations and are severely constrained by the parameter space. In this work, we introduce a new approach using normalizing flows, a type of deep generative model, to estimate stellar ages for evolved stars with improved accuracy and robust uncertainty characterization. The model is trained on stellar masses for evolved stars derived from asteroseismology and predicts the relationship between the carbon and nitrogen abundances of a given star and its age. Unlike standard neural network techniques, normalizing flows enable the recovery of full likelihood distributions for individual stellar ages, offering a richer and more informative perspective on uncertainties. Our method yields age estimations for 378,720 evolved stars and achieves a typical absolute age uncertainty of approximately 2 Gyr. By intrinsically accounting for the coverage and density of the training data, our model ensures that the resulting uncertainties reflect both the inherent noise in the data and the completeness of the sampled parameter space. Applying this method to data from the SDSS-V Milky Way Mapper, we have produced the largest stellar age catalog for evolved stars to date.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2503_03138
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle StarFlow: Leveraging Normalizing Flows for Stellar Age Estimation in SDSS-V DR19
Stone-Martinez, Alexander
Holtzman, Jon A.
Yuxi
Lu
Hasselquist, Sten
Imig, Julie
Griffith, Emily J.
Bellinger, Earl
Saydjari, Andrew K.
Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Astrophysics of Galaxies
Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Understanding the ages of stars is crucial for unraveling the formation history and evolution of our Galaxy. Traditional methods for estimating stellar ages from spectroscopic data often struggle with providing appropriate uncertainty estimations and are severely constrained by the parameter space. In this work, we introduce a new approach using normalizing flows, a type of deep generative model, to estimate stellar ages for evolved stars with improved accuracy and robust uncertainty characterization. The model is trained on stellar masses for evolved stars derived from asteroseismology and predicts the relationship between the carbon and nitrogen abundances of a given star and its age. Unlike standard neural network techniques, normalizing flows enable the recovery of full likelihood distributions for individual stellar ages, offering a richer and more informative perspective on uncertainties. Our method yields age estimations for 378,720 evolved stars and achieves a typical absolute age uncertainty of approximately 2 Gyr. By intrinsically accounting for the coverage and density of the training data, our model ensures that the resulting uncertainties reflect both the inherent noise in the data and the completeness of the sampled parameter space. Applying this method to data from the SDSS-V Milky Way Mapper, we have produced the largest stellar age catalog for evolved stars to date.
title StarFlow: Leveraging Normalizing Flows for Stellar Age Estimation in SDSS-V DR19
topic Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Astrophysics of Galaxies
Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.03138