Quantum metasurfaces as probes of vacuum particle content
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arXiv
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Published: |
2025
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| _version_ | 1866912949542584320 |
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| author | Tobar, Germain Foo, Joshua Qvarfort, Sofia Costa, Fabio Bekenstein, Rivka Zych, Magdalena |
| author_facet | Tobar, Germain Foo, Joshua Qvarfort, Sofia Costa, Fabio Bekenstein, Rivka Zych, Magdalena |
| contents | The quantum vacuum of the electromagnetic field is inherently entangled across distinct spatial sub-regions resulting in entangled particle content across these sub-regions. However accessing this particle content in a controlled laboratory experiment has remained out of experimental reach. Here we propose to overcome this challenge with a quantum mirror made from a two-dimensional sub-wavelength array of atoms that divides a photonic cavity. The array response to light is tunable between transmissive and reflective states by a control atom that is excited to a Rydberg state. We find that vacuum photon content from non-perturbative changes of the boundary conditions and therefore distinct spatial sub regions of the vacuum causes subtle frequency shifts that are accessible to sub-wavelength atom array platforms. This novel approach for probing vacuum particle content stems from the unique ability to create coherent dynamics of superpositions of transmissive and reflective states providing a quantum enhanced platform for observing vacuum particle creation from highly non-perturbative boundary condition changes of the electromagnetic field vacuum. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2503_03838 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Quantum metasurfaces as probes of vacuum particle content Tobar, Germain Foo, Joshua Qvarfort, Sofia Costa, Fabio Bekenstein, Rivka Zych, Magdalena Quantum Physics General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology The quantum vacuum of the electromagnetic field is inherently entangled across distinct spatial sub-regions resulting in entangled particle content across these sub-regions. However accessing this particle content in a controlled laboratory experiment has remained out of experimental reach. Here we propose to overcome this challenge with a quantum mirror made from a two-dimensional sub-wavelength array of atoms that divides a photonic cavity. The array response to light is tunable between transmissive and reflective states by a control atom that is excited to a Rydberg state. We find that vacuum photon content from non-perturbative changes of the boundary conditions and therefore distinct spatial sub regions of the vacuum causes subtle frequency shifts that are accessible to sub-wavelength atom array platforms. This novel approach for probing vacuum particle content stems from the unique ability to create coherent dynamics of superpositions of transmissive and reflective states providing a quantum enhanced platform for observing vacuum particle creation from highly non-perturbative boundary condition changes of the electromagnetic field vacuum. |
| title | Quantum metasurfaces as probes of vacuum particle content |
| topic | Quantum Physics General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.03838 |