Cycle-Consistent Multi-Graph Matching for Self-Supervised Annotation of C.Elegans

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Main Authors: Karg, Christoph, Stricker, Sebastian, Hutschenreiter, Lisa, Savchynskyy, Bogdan, Kainmueller, Dagmar
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Karg, Christoph
Stricker, Sebastian
Hutschenreiter, Lisa
Savchynskyy, Bogdan
Kainmueller, Dagmar
author_facet Karg, Christoph
Stricker, Sebastian
Hutschenreiter, Lisa
Savchynskyy, Bogdan
Kainmueller, Dagmar
contents In this work we present a novel approach for unsupervised multi-graph matching, which applies to problems for which a Gaussian distribution of keypoint features can be assumed. We leverage cycle consistency as loss for self-supervised learning, and determine Gaussian parameters through Bayesian Optimization, yielding a highly efficient approach that scales to large datasets. Our fully unsupervised approach enables us to reach the accuracy of state-of-the-art supervised methodology for the biomedical use case of semantic cell annotation in 3D microscopy images of the worm C. elegans. To this end, our approach yields the first unsupervised atlas of C. elegans, i.e. a model of the joint distribution of all of its cell nuclei, without the need for any ground truth cell annotation. This advancement enables highly efficient semantic annotation of cells in large microscopy datasets, overcoming a current key bottleneck. Beyond C. elegans, our approach offers fully unsupervised construction of cell-level atlases for any model organism with a stereotyped body plan down to the level of unique semantic cell labels, and thus bears the potential to catalyze respective biomedical studies in a range of further species.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2503_07348
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Cycle-Consistent Multi-Graph Matching for Self-Supervised Annotation of C.Elegans
Karg, Christoph
Stricker, Sebastian
Hutschenreiter, Lisa
Savchynskyy, Bogdan
Kainmueller, Dagmar
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
In this work we present a novel approach for unsupervised multi-graph matching, which applies to problems for which a Gaussian distribution of keypoint features can be assumed. We leverage cycle consistency as loss for self-supervised learning, and determine Gaussian parameters through Bayesian Optimization, yielding a highly efficient approach that scales to large datasets. Our fully unsupervised approach enables us to reach the accuracy of state-of-the-art supervised methodology for the biomedical use case of semantic cell annotation in 3D microscopy images of the worm C. elegans. To this end, our approach yields the first unsupervised atlas of C. elegans, i.e. a model of the joint distribution of all of its cell nuclei, without the need for any ground truth cell annotation. This advancement enables highly efficient semantic annotation of cells in large microscopy datasets, overcoming a current key bottleneck. Beyond C. elegans, our approach offers fully unsupervised construction of cell-level atlases for any model organism with a stereotyped body plan down to the level of unique semantic cell labels, and thus bears the potential to catalyze respective biomedical studies in a range of further species.
title Cycle-Consistent Multi-Graph Matching for Self-Supervised Annotation of C.Elegans
topic Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.07348