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A Demonstration of Slowed Electron ${\bf E} \times {\bf B}$ Drift for PTOLEMY

Fuente: arXiv

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Détails bibliographiques
Auteurs principaux:	Farino, M., Tan, A., Apponi, A., Betti, M., Borghesi, M., Casale, A., Castellano, O., Cavoto, G., Cecchini, L., Celasco, E., Chung, W., Cocco, A. G., Colijn, A., Corcione, B., D'Ambrosio, N., de Groot, N., Morabit, S. el, Esposito, A., Faverzani, M., Ferella, A. D., Ferri, E., Ficcadenti, L., Gamba, S., Gariazzo, S., Garrone, H., Gatti, F., Giachero, A., Iwasaki, Y., Kievsky, A., Malnati, F., Mangano, G., Marcucci, L. E., Mariani, C., Mead, J., Menichetti, G., Messina, M., Monticone, E., Naafs, M., Nucciotti, A., Origo, L., Pandolfi, F., Paoloni, D., Pepe, C., Heros, C. Pérez de los, Pisanti, O., Pofi, F. M., Polosa, A. D., Rago, I., Rajteri, M., Rossi, N., Ruocco, A., Tayyab, S., Tozzini, V., Tully, C., van Rens, I., Virzi, F., Visser, G., Viviani, M., Zeitler, U., Zheliuk, O., Zimmer, F.
Format:	Preprint
Publié:	2025
Sujets:	Instrumentation and Detectors
Accès en ligne:	Acceder al recurso
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_version_	1866911048982855680
author	Farino, M. Tan, A. Apponi, A. Betti, M. Borghesi, M. Casale, A. Castellano, O. Cavoto, G. Cecchini, L. Celasco, E. Chung, W. Cocco, A. G. Colijn, A. Corcione, B. D'Ambrosio, N. de Groot, N. Morabit, S. el Esposito, A. Faverzani, M. Ferella, A. D. Ferri, E. Ficcadenti, L. Gamba, S. Gariazzo, S. Garrone, H. Gatti, F. Giachero, A. Iwasaki, Y. Kievsky, A. Malnati, F. Mangano, G. Marcucci, L. E. Mariani, C. Mead, J. Menichetti, G. Messina, M. Monticone, E. Naafs, M. Nucciotti, A. Origo, L. Pandolfi, F. Paoloni, D. Pepe, C. Heros, C. Pérez de los Pisanti, O. Pofi, F. M. Polosa, A. D. Rago, I. Rajteri, M. Rossi, N. Ruocco, A. Tayyab, S. Tozzini, V. Tully, C. van Rens, I. Virzi, F. Visser, G. Viviani, M. Zeitler, U. Zheliuk, O. Zimmer, F.
author_facet	Farino, M. Tan, A. Apponi, A. Betti, M. Borghesi, M. Casale, A. Castellano, O. Cavoto, G. Cecchini, L. Celasco, E. Chung, W. Cocco, A. G. Colijn, A. Corcione, B. D'Ambrosio, N. de Groot, N. Morabit, S. el Esposito, A. Faverzani, M. Ferella, A. D. Ferri, E. Ficcadenti, L. Gamba, S. Gariazzo, S. Garrone, H. Gatti, F. Giachero, A. Iwasaki, Y. Kievsky, A. Malnati, F. Mangano, G. Marcucci, L. E. Mariani, C. Mead, J. Menichetti, G. Messina, M. Monticone, E. Naafs, M. Nucciotti, A. Origo, L. Pandolfi, F. Paoloni, D. Pepe, C. Heros, C. Pérez de los Pisanti, O. Pofi, F. M. Polosa, A. D. Rago, I. Rajteri, M. Rossi, N. Ruocco, A. Tayyab, S. Tozzini, V. Tully, C. van Rens, I. Virzi, F. Visser, G. Viviani, M. Zeitler, U. Zheliuk, O. Zimmer, F.
contents	To resolve the effective neutrino mass $m_β$ with an energy resolution of 50~meV, the PTOLEMY experiment has proposed a novel transverse electromagnetic filtering process. Substantially reducing the kinetic energy of tritium $β$-decay electrons by counteracting motion from ${\bf E}$ $\times$ ${\bf B}$ and $\nabla{\rm B}$ drift, the PTOLEMY filter requires an input of emitted electron kinematic information to generate a tailored, suitable electric field for each candidate. The collaboration proposes to extract these quantities by using antennae to observe the relativistic frequency shift of emitted cyclotron radiation as an electron transits by ${\bf E}$ $\times$ ${\bf B}$ drift through a uniform magnetic field region preceding the filter. Electrons must be contained within this region long enough such that an adequate integrated radiated power signal is received to accurately estimate these kinematics. This necessitates a controlled, slowed drift speed. This paper presents the experimental design to vary ${\bf E}$ $\times$ ${\bf B}$ drift speed of carbon-14 $β$-decay electrons using a custom electrode field cage situated between the pole faces of an electromagnet. Matching our results with high-fidelity simulation, we deduce a capacity to increase particle time of flight by a factor of 5 in the field cage's slow drift region. Limited only by the dimensions of our system, we assert drift speed can be arbitrarily slowed to meet the needs of PTOLEMY's future detector. Actualizing such a system is a crucial milestone in developing the detector, enabling future cyclotron radiation measurements, filter implementation, and source injection.
format	Preprint
id	arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2503_10025
institution	arXiv
publishDate	2025
record_format	arxiv
spellingShingle	A Demonstration of Slowed Electron ${\bf E} \times {\bf B}$ Drift for PTOLEMY Farino, M. Tan, A. Apponi, A. Betti, M. Borghesi, M. Casale, A. Castellano, O. Cavoto, G. Cecchini, L. Celasco, E. Chung, W. Cocco, A. G. Colijn, A. Corcione, B. D'Ambrosio, N. de Groot, N. Morabit, S. el Esposito, A. Faverzani, M. Ferella, A. D. Ferri, E. Ficcadenti, L. Gamba, S. Gariazzo, S. Garrone, H. Gatti, F. Giachero, A. Iwasaki, Y. Kievsky, A. Malnati, F. Mangano, G. Marcucci, L. E. Mariani, C. Mead, J. Menichetti, G. Messina, M. Monticone, E. Naafs, M. Nucciotti, A. Origo, L. Pandolfi, F. Paoloni, D. Pepe, C. Heros, C. Pérez de los Pisanti, O. Pofi, F. M. Polosa, A. D. Rago, I. Rajteri, M. Rossi, N. Ruocco, A. Tayyab, S. Tozzini, V. Tully, C. van Rens, I. Virzi, F. Visser, G. Viviani, M. Zeitler, U. Zheliuk, O. Zimmer, F. Instrumentation and Detectors To resolve the effective neutrino mass $m_β$ with an energy resolution of 50~meV, the PTOLEMY experiment has proposed a novel transverse electromagnetic filtering process. Substantially reducing the kinetic energy of tritium $β$-decay electrons by counteracting motion from ${\bf E}$ $\times$ ${\bf B}$ and $\nabla{\rm B}$ drift, the PTOLEMY filter requires an input of emitted electron kinematic information to generate a tailored, suitable electric field for each candidate. The collaboration proposes to extract these quantities by using antennae to observe the relativistic frequency shift of emitted cyclotron radiation as an electron transits by ${\bf E}$ $\times$ ${\bf B}$ drift through a uniform magnetic field region preceding the filter. Electrons must be contained within this region long enough such that an adequate integrated radiated power signal is received to accurately estimate these kinematics. This necessitates a controlled, slowed drift speed. This paper presents the experimental design to vary ${\bf E}$ $\times$ ${\bf B}$ drift speed of carbon-14 $β$-decay electrons using a custom electrode field cage situated between the pole faces of an electromagnet. Matching our results with high-fidelity simulation, we deduce a capacity to increase particle time of flight by a factor of 5 in the field cage's slow drift region. Limited only by the dimensions of our system, we assert drift speed can be arbitrarily slowed to meet the needs of PTOLEMY's future detector. Actualizing such a system is a crucial milestone in developing the detector, enabling future cyclotron radiation measurements, filter implementation, and source injection.
title	A Demonstration of Slowed Electron ${\bf E} \times {\bf B}$ Drift for PTOLEMY
topic	Instrumentation and Detectors
url	https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.10025