A search for sterile neutrinos in interacting dark energy models using DESI baryon acoustic oscillations and DES supernovae data
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| _version_ | 1866909602020327424 |
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| author | Feng, Lu Li, Tian-Nuo Du, Guo-Hong Zhang, Jing-Fei Zhang, Xin |
| author_facet | Feng, Lu Li, Tian-Nuo Du, Guo-Hong Zhang, Jing-Fei Zhang, Xin |
| contents | Sterile neutrinos can influence the evolution of the universe, and thus cosmological observations can be used to search for sterile neutrinos. In this study, we utilized the latest baryon acoustic oscillations data from DESI, combined with the cosmic microwave background data from Planck and the five-year supernova data from DES, to constrain the interacting dark energy (IDE) models involving both cases of massless and massive sterile neutrinos. We consider four typical forms of the interaction term $Q=βH ρ_{\rm de}$, $Q=βH ρ_{\rm c}$, $Q=βH_{0} ρ_{\rm de}$, and $Q=βH_{0} ρ_{\rm c}$, respectively. Our analysis indicates that the current data provide only a hint of the existence of massless sterile neutrinos (as dark radiation) at about the $1σ$ level. In contrast, no evidence supports the existence of massive sterile neutrinos. Furthermore, in IDE models, the inclusion of (massless/massive) sterile neutrinos has a negligible impact on the constraint of the coupling parameter $β$. The IDE model of $Q=βH ρ_{\rm c}$ with sterile neutrinos does not favor an interaction. However, the other three IDE models with sterile neutrinos support an interaction in which dark energy decays into dark matter. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2503_10423 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | A search for sterile neutrinos in interacting dark energy models using DESI baryon acoustic oscillations and DES supernovae data Feng, Lu Li, Tian-Nuo Du, Guo-Hong Zhang, Jing-Fei Zhang, Xin Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology High Energy Physics - Phenomenology High Energy Physics - Theory Sterile neutrinos can influence the evolution of the universe, and thus cosmological observations can be used to search for sterile neutrinos. In this study, we utilized the latest baryon acoustic oscillations data from DESI, combined with the cosmic microwave background data from Planck and the five-year supernova data from DES, to constrain the interacting dark energy (IDE) models involving both cases of massless and massive sterile neutrinos. We consider four typical forms of the interaction term $Q=βH ρ_{\rm de}$, $Q=βH ρ_{\rm c}$, $Q=βH_{0} ρ_{\rm de}$, and $Q=βH_{0} ρ_{\rm c}$, respectively. Our analysis indicates that the current data provide only a hint of the existence of massless sterile neutrinos (as dark radiation) at about the $1σ$ level. In contrast, no evidence supports the existence of massive sterile neutrinos. Furthermore, in IDE models, the inclusion of (massless/massive) sterile neutrinos has a negligible impact on the constraint of the coupling parameter $β$. The IDE model of $Q=βH ρ_{\rm c}$ with sterile neutrinos does not favor an interaction. However, the other three IDE models with sterile neutrinos support an interaction in which dark energy decays into dark matter. |
| title | A search for sterile neutrinos in interacting dark energy models using DESI baryon acoustic oscillations and DES supernovae data |
| topic | Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology High Energy Physics - Phenomenology High Energy Physics - Theory |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.10423 |