PassiveBLE: Towards Fully Commodity-Compatible BLE Backscatter

Fuente: arXiv
Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Dong, Huixin, Wu, Yijie, Li, Feiyu, Kuang, Wei, He, Yuan, Zhang, Qian, Wang, Wei
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
Subjects:
Online Access:
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1866910875958378496
author Dong, Huixin
Wu, Yijie
Li, Feiyu
Kuang, Wei
He, Yuan
Zhang, Qian
Wang, Wei
author_facet Dong, Huixin
Wu, Yijie
Li, Feiyu
Kuang, Wei
He, Yuan
Zhang, Qian
Wang, Wei
contents Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) backscatter is a promising candidate for battery-free Internet of Things (IoT) applications. Unlike existing commodity-level BLE backscatter systems that only enable one-shot communication through BLE advertising packets, we propose PassiveBLE, a backscatter system that can establish authentic and fully compatible BLE connections on data channels. The key enabling techniques include (i) a synchronization circuit that can wake up tags and activate backscatter communications with symbol-level accuracy to facilitate BLE data packet generation; (ii) a distributed coding scheme that offloads the major encoding and processing burdens from tags to the excitation source while achieving high throughput; (iii) a BLE connection scheduler to enable fully compatible BLE connection interactions, including connection establishment, maintenance and termination for multiple backscatter tags. We prototype PassiveBLE tags with off-the-shelf components and also convert the circuits and control logic into ASIC design sketch, whose power consumptions are 491 uW and 9.9 uW, respectively. Experimental results demonstrate that PassiveBLE achieves a success rate of over 99.9% in establishing commodity BLE connections. PassiveBLE also achieves commodity-compatible BLE communication with a high goodput of up to 974 kbps in LE 2M PHY mode and 532 kbps in LE 1M PHY mode, which is about 63.3 times higher than the previous commodity-level BLE backscatter system in the same mode.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2503_11490
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle PassiveBLE: Towards Fully Commodity-Compatible BLE Backscatter
Dong, Huixin
Wu, Yijie
Li, Feiyu
Kuang, Wei
He, Yuan
Zhang, Qian
Wang, Wei
Networking and Internet Architecture
Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) backscatter is a promising candidate for battery-free Internet of Things (IoT) applications. Unlike existing commodity-level BLE backscatter systems that only enable one-shot communication through BLE advertising packets, we propose PassiveBLE, a backscatter system that can establish authentic and fully compatible BLE connections on data channels. The key enabling techniques include (i) a synchronization circuit that can wake up tags and activate backscatter communications with symbol-level accuracy to facilitate BLE data packet generation; (ii) a distributed coding scheme that offloads the major encoding and processing burdens from tags to the excitation source while achieving high throughput; (iii) a BLE connection scheduler to enable fully compatible BLE connection interactions, including connection establishment, maintenance and termination for multiple backscatter tags. We prototype PassiveBLE tags with off-the-shelf components and also convert the circuits and control logic into ASIC design sketch, whose power consumptions are 491 uW and 9.9 uW, respectively. Experimental results demonstrate that PassiveBLE achieves a success rate of over 99.9% in establishing commodity BLE connections. PassiveBLE also achieves commodity-compatible BLE communication with a high goodput of up to 974 kbps in LE 2M PHY mode and 532 kbps in LE 1M PHY mode, which is about 63.3 times higher than the previous commodity-level BLE backscatter system in the same mode.
title PassiveBLE: Towards Fully Commodity-Compatible BLE Backscatter
topic Networking and Internet Architecture
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.11490