Surface instabilities in laminar compressible boundary layers with sublimation

Fuente: arXiv
Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Vollmer, Blaine, Padovan, Alberto, Bodony, Daniel J.
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
Subjects:
Online Access:
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1866911373102940160
author Vollmer, Blaine
Padovan, Alberto
Bodony, Daniel J.
author_facet Vollmer, Blaine
Padovan, Alberto
Bodony, Daniel J.
contents Surface patterns on ablating materials are observed in high-speed ground and flight tests, but the mechanisms behind their formation are not known. In this paper, the origin of surface patterns is investigated via a local linear stability analysis of compressible laminar boundary layers over a flat camphor plate. The effects of sublimation and conjugate heat transfer are included both on the baseflow and the linear fluctuations. This framework identifies one mode that fully characterizes the stability of the surface, which becomes unstable when the wall temperature exceeds that of an adiabatic wall, $T_{ad}$. These findings are consistent with experimental observations, where laminar flow conditions at adiabatic wall temperatures are found to be stable. The analysis also reveals that the nature of this surface mode varies as a function of the oblique angle $ψ= \tan^{-1}{β/α}$, where $α$ and $β$ are the streamwise and spanwise wavenumbers. Specifically, for baseflow temperatures below $\approx 1.15~T_{ad}$, the surface mode is most unstable at $ψ= 0$. Conversely, above $\approx 1.15~T_{ad}$ the surface is most unstable near the sonic angle $ψ_s = \cos^{-1}(1/M_e)$, which is the angle at which the normal Mach number equals one. Finally, a critical wavenumber is identified (i.e., one at which the temporal growth rate reaches a maximum) that is in good agreement with available experimental observations of turbulent flows.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2503_11631
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Surface instabilities in laminar compressible boundary layers with sublimation
Vollmer, Blaine
Padovan, Alberto
Bodony, Daniel J.
Fluid Dynamics
Surface patterns on ablating materials are observed in high-speed ground and flight tests, but the mechanisms behind their formation are not known. In this paper, the origin of surface patterns is investigated via a local linear stability analysis of compressible laminar boundary layers over a flat camphor plate. The effects of sublimation and conjugate heat transfer are included both on the baseflow and the linear fluctuations. This framework identifies one mode that fully characterizes the stability of the surface, which becomes unstable when the wall temperature exceeds that of an adiabatic wall, $T_{ad}$. These findings are consistent with experimental observations, where laminar flow conditions at adiabatic wall temperatures are found to be stable. The analysis also reveals that the nature of this surface mode varies as a function of the oblique angle $ψ= \tan^{-1}{β/α}$, where $α$ and $β$ are the streamwise and spanwise wavenumbers. Specifically, for baseflow temperatures below $\approx 1.15~T_{ad}$, the surface mode is most unstable at $ψ= 0$. Conversely, above $\approx 1.15~T_{ad}$ the surface is most unstable near the sonic angle $ψ_s = \cos^{-1}(1/M_e)$, which is the angle at which the normal Mach number equals one. Finally, a critical wavenumber is identified (i.e., one at which the temporal growth rate reaches a maximum) that is in good agreement with available experimental observations of turbulent flows.
title Surface instabilities in laminar compressible boundary layers with sublimation
topic Fluid Dynamics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.11631