Action-Gradient Monte Carlo Tree Search for Non-Parametric Continuous (PO)MDPs

Fuente: arXiv
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Autores principales: Lev-Yehudi, Idan, Novitsky, Michael, Barenboim, Moran, Benchetrit, Ron, Indelman, Vadim
Formato: Preprint
Publicado: 2025
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author Lev-Yehudi, Idan
Novitsky, Michael
Barenboim, Moran
Benchetrit, Ron
Indelman, Vadim
author_facet Lev-Yehudi, Idan
Novitsky, Michael
Barenboim, Moran
Benchetrit, Ron
Indelman, Vadim
contents Online planning in continuous state, action, and observation spaces remains challenging for autonomous systems. While Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) scales effectively via sampling, most continuous (PO)MDP solvers do not exploit gradient-based action optimization. We propose Action-Gradient MCTS (AGMCTS), a framework that combines global tree search with local gradient-based action refinement, while maintaining consistent value estimates. We provide three key theoretical contributions: (1) an action score gradient theorem for particle belief states; (2) the Multiple Importance Sampling (MIS) Tree that supports frequent action-branch updates by reusing prior samples without introducing estimator drift; and (3) tractable action score gradients for smooth generative models using the Area Formula. Empirical results demonstrate that AGMCTS outperforms state-of-the-art sample-based solvers in multiple challenging continuous MDP and POMDP benchmarks.
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id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2503_12181
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Action-Gradient Monte Carlo Tree Search for Non-Parametric Continuous (PO)MDPs
Lev-Yehudi, Idan
Novitsky, Michael
Barenboim, Moran
Benchetrit, Ron
Indelman, Vadim
Artificial Intelligence
Robotics
Online planning in continuous state, action, and observation spaces remains challenging for autonomous systems. While Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) scales effectively via sampling, most continuous (PO)MDP solvers do not exploit gradient-based action optimization. We propose Action-Gradient MCTS (AGMCTS), a framework that combines global tree search with local gradient-based action refinement, while maintaining consistent value estimates. We provide three key theoretical contributions: (1) an action score gradient theorem for particle belief states; (2) the Multiple Importance Sampling (MIS) Tree that supports frequent action-branch updates by reusing prior samples without introducing estimator drift; and (3) tractable action score gradients for smooth generative models using the Area Formula. Empirical results demonstrate that AGMCTS outperforms state-of-the-art sample-based solvers in multiple challenging continuous MDP and POMDP benchmarks.
title Action-Gradient Monte Carlo Tree Search for Non-Parametric Continuous (PO)MDPs
topic Artificial Intelligence
Robotics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.12181