Indoor Positioning for Public Safety: Role of UAVs, LEOs, and Propagation-Aware Techniques
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| author | Duggal, Gaurav Dureppagari, Harish K. Dhillon, Harpreet S. Reed, Jeffrey H. Buehrer, R. Michael |
| author_facet | Duggal, Gaurav Dureppagari, Harish K. Dhillon, Harpreet S. Reed, Jeffrey H. Buehrer, R. Michael |
| contents | Effective indoor positioning is critical for public safety, enabling first responders to locate at-risk individuals accurately during emergency scenarios. However, traditional Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) often perform poorly indoors due to poor coverage and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) conditions. Moreover, relying on fixed cellular infrastructure, such as terrestrial networks (TNs), may not be feasible, as indoor signal coverage from a sufficient number of base stations or WiFi access points cannot be guaranteed for accurate positioning. In this paper, we propose a rapidly deployable indoor positioning system (IPS) leveraging mobile anchors, including uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs) and Low-Earth-Orbit (LEO) satellites, and discuss the role of GNSS and LEOs in localizing the mobile anchors. Additionally, we discuss the role of sidelink-based positioning, which is introduced in 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Release 18, in enabling public safety systems. By examining outdoor-to-indoor (O2I) signal propagation, particularly diffraction-based approaches, we highlight how propagation-aware positioning methods can outperform conventional strategies that disregard propagation mechanism information. The study highlights how emerging 5G Advanced and Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN) features offer new avenues to improve positioning in challenging indoor environments, ultimately paving the way for cost-effective and resilient IPS solutions tailored to public safety applications. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2503_12264 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Indoor Positioning for Public Safety: Role of UAVs, LEOs, and Propagation-Aware Techniques Duggal, Gaurav Dureppagari, Harish K. Dhillon, Harpreet S. Reed, Jeffrey H. Buehrer, R. Michael Signal Processing Effective indoor positioning is critical for public safety, enabling first responders to locate at-risk individuals accurately during emergency scenarios. However, traditional Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) often perform poorly indoors due to poor coverage and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) conditions. Moreover, relying on fixed cellular infrastructure, such as terrestrial networks (TNs), may not be feasible, as indoor signal coverage from a sufficient number of base stations or WiFi access points cannot be guaranteed for accurate positioning. In this paper, we propose a rapidly deployable indoor positioning system (IPS) leveraging mobile anchors, including uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs) and Low-Earth-Orbit (LEO) satellites, and discuss the role of GNSS and LEOs in localizing the mobile anchors. Additionally, we discuss the role of sidelink-based positioning, which is introduced in 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Release 18, in enabling public safety systems. By examining outdoor-to-indoor (O2I) signal propagation, particularly diffraction-based approaches, we highlight how propagation-aware positioning methods can outperform conventional strategies that disregard propagation mechanism information. The study highlights how emerging 5G Advanced and Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN) features offer new avenues to improve positioning in challenging indoor environments, ultimately paving the way for cost-effective and resilient IPS solutions tailored to public safety applications. |
| title | Indoor Positioning for Public Safety: Role of UAVs, LEOs, and Propagation-Aware Techniques |
| topic | Signal Processing |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.12264 |