Construction of self-similar energy forms and singularity of Sobolev spaces on Laakso-type fractal spaces

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Main Authors: Anttila, Riku, Eriksson-Bique, Sylvester, Shimizu, Ryosuke
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Anttila, Riku
Eriksson-Bique, Sylvester
Shimizu, Ryosuke
author_facet Anttila, Riku
Eriksson-Bique, Sylvester
Shimizu, Ryosuke
contents We construct self-similar $p$-energy forms as normalized limits of discretized $p$-energies on a rich class of Laakso-type fractal spaces. Collectively, we refer to them as IGS-fractals, where IGS stands for (edge-)iterated graph systems. We propose this framework as a rich source of "toy models" that can be consulted for tackling challenging questions that are not well understood on most other fractal spaces. Supporting this, our framework uncovers a novel analytic phenomenon, which we term as singularity of Sobolev spaces. This means that the associated Sobolev spaces $\mathscr{F}_{p_1}$ and $\mathscr{F}_{p_2}$ for distinct $p_1,p_2 \in (1,\infty)$ intersect only at constant functions. We provide the first example of a self-similar fractal on which this singularity phenomenon occurs for all pairs of distinct exponents. In particular, we show that the Laakso diamond space is one such example.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2503_13258
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Construction of self-similar energy forms and singularity of Sobolev spaces on Laakso-type fractal spaces
Anttila, Riku
Eriksson-Bique, Sylvester
Shimizu, Ryosuke
Metric Geometry
Analysis of PDEs
Functional Analysis
28A80, 31E05, 31C45, 46E36
We construct self-similar $p$-energy forms as normalized limits of discretized $p$-energies on a rich class of Laakso-type fractal spaces. Collectively, we refer to them as IGS-fractals, where IGS stands for (edge-)iterated graph systems. We propose this framework as a rich source of "toy models" that can be consulted for tackling challenging questions that are not well understood on most other fractal spaces. Supporting this, our framework uncovers a novel analytic phenomenon, which we term as singularity of Sobolev spaces. This means that the associated Sobolev spaces $\mathscr{F}_{p_1}$ and $\mathscr{F}_{p_2}$ for distinct $p_1,p_2 \in (1,\infty)$ intersect only at constant functions. We provide the first example of a self-similar fractal on which this singularity phenomenon occurs for all pairs of distinct exponents. In particular, we show that the Laakso diamond space is one such example.
title Construction of self-similar energy forms and singularity of Sobolev spaces on Laakso-type fractal spaces
topic Metric Geometry
Analysis of PDEs
Functional Analysis
28A80, 31E05, 31C45, 46E36
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.13258