Out-of-Distribution Generalization in Time Series: A Survey

Fuente: arXiv
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Autori principali: Wu, Xin, Teng, Fei, Li, Xingwang, Zhang, Ji, Li, Tianrui, Duan, Qiang
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2025
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author Wu, Xin
Teng, Fei
Li, Xingwang
Zhang, Ji
Li, Tianrui
Duan, Qiang
author_facet Wu, Xin
Teng, Fei
Li, Xingwang
Zhang, Ji
Li, Tianrui
Duan, Qiang
contents Time series frequently manifest distribution shifts, diverse latent features, and non-stationary learning dynamics, particularly in open and evolving environments. These characteristics pose significant challenges for out-of-distribution (OOD) generalization. While substantial progress has been made, a systematic synthesis of advancements remains lacking. To address this gap, we present the first comprehensive review of OOD generalization methodologies for time series, organized to delineate the field's evolutionary trajectory and contemporary research landscape. We organize our analysis across three foundational dimensions: data distribution, representation learning, and OOD evaluation. For each dimension, we present several popular algorithms in detail. Furthermore, we highlight key application scenarios, emphasizing their real-world impact. Finally, we identify persistent challenges and propose future research directions. A detailed summary of the methods reviewed for the generalization of OOD in time series can be accessed at https://tsood-generalization.com.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2503_13868
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Out-of-Distribution Generalization in Time Series: A Survey
Wu, Xin
Teng, Fei
Li, Xingwang
Zhang, Ji
Li, Tianrui
Duan, Qiang
Machine Learning
Artificial Intelligence
Time series frequently manifest distribution shifts, diverse latent features, and non-stationary learning dynamics, particularly in open and evolving environments. These characteristics pose significant challenges for out-of-distribution (OOD) generalization. While substantial progress has been made, a systematic synthesis of advancements remains lacking. To address this gap, we present the first comprehensive review of OOD generalization methodologies for time series, organized to delineate the field's evolutionary trajectory and contemporary research landscape. We organize our analysis across three foundational dimensions: data distribution, representation learning, and OOD evaluation. For each dimension, we present several popular algorithms in detail. Furthermore, we highlight key application scenarios, emphasizing their real-world impact. Finally, we identify persistent challenges and propose future research directions. A detailed summary of the methods reviewed for the generalization of OOD in time series can be accessed at https://tsood-generalization.com.
title Out-of-Distribution Generalization in Time Series: A Survey
topic Machine Learning
Artificial Intelligence
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.13868