Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Constantin, Adrian, Germain, Pierre, Lin, Zhiwu, Zhu, Hao
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
Subjects:
Online Access:https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.14191
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1866912281456017408
author Constantin, Adrian
Germain, Pierre
Lin, Zhiwu
Zhu, Hao
author_facet Constantin, Adrian
Germain, Pierre
Lin, Zhiwu
Zhu, Hao
contents We investigate some qualitative aspects of the dynamics of the Euler equation on a rotating sphere that are relevant or stratospheric flows. Zonal flow dominates the dynamics of the stratosphere and for most known planetary stratospheres the observed flow pattern is a small perturbation of an n-jet, which corresponds to choosing the Legendre polynomial of degree n as the stream function. Since the 1-jet and the 2-jet are stable, the main interest is the onset of instability for the 3-jet. We confirm long standing conjectures based on numerical simulations by proving that the 3-jet is linearly unstable if and only if the rotation rate belongs to a critical interval. Turning to the nonlinear problem, we prove that linear instability implies nonlinear instability and that, as the rotation rate goes to infinity, nearby traveling waves change gradually from a cat's eyes streamline pattern to a profile with no stagnation points.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2503_14191
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle The onset of instability for zonal stratospheric flows
Constantin, Adrian
Germain, Pierre
Lin, Zhiwu
Zhu, Hao
Analysis of PDEs
86A10, 35Q35
We investigate some qualitative aspects of the dynamics of the Euler equation on a rotating sphere that are relevant or stratospheric flows. Zonal flow dominates the dynamics of the stratosphere and for most known planetary stratospheres the observed flow pattern is a small perturbation of an n-jet, which corresponds to choosing the Legendre polynomial of degree n as the stream function. Since the 1-jet and the 2-jet are stable, the main interest is the onset of instability for the 3-jet. We confirm long standing conjectures based on numerical simulations by proving that the 3-jet is linearly unstable if and only if the rotation rate belongs to a critical interval. Turning to the nonlinear problem, we prove that linear instability implies nonlinear instability and that, as the rotation rate goes to infinity, nearby traveling waves change gradually from a cat's eyes streamline pattern to a profile with no stagnation points.
title The onset of instability for zonal stratospheric flows
topic Analysis of PDEs
86A10, 35Q35
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.14191