Wall torque controls curvature-driven propulsion in bacterial baths
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arXiv
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| Autores principales: | , , , , |
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| Formato: | Preprint |
| Publicado: |
2025
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| _version_ | 1866910888416509952 |
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| author | Pellicciotta, Nicola Bagal, Ojus Satish Cannarsa, Maria Cristina Bianchi, Silvio Di Leonardo, Roberto |
| author_facet | Pellicciotta, Nicola Bagal, Ojus Satish Cannarsa, Maria Cristina Bianchi, Silvio Di Leonardo, Roberto |
| contents | The persistent dynamics of active particles makes them explore extended portions of an obstacle's boundary during collisions. From impact to escape, the net applied forces depend on the curvature of the wall and increase in the presence of concave features. Here we systematically investigate the forces exerted by swimming bacteria on microfabricated structures, where the radii of curvature can be varied parametrically. We find that these micro-sails are propelled with a speed that scales linearly with curvature and is directed from concave to convex side along the axis of symmetry. By solving the collision problem for microswimmers with aligning torque interactions, we demonstrate that, unlike spherical active particles, curvature mainly affects cell orientation during sliding, leading to greater normal thrust on the concave side and an net applied thrust that scales linearly with curvature. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2503_17021 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Wall torque controls curvature-driven propulsion in bacterial baths Pellicciotta, Nicola Bagal, Ojus Satish Cannarsa, Maria Cristina Bianchi, Silvio Di Leonardo, Roberto Soft Condensed Matter Statistical Mechanics The persistent dynamics of active particles makes them explore extended portions of an obstacle's boundary during collisions. From impact to escape, the net applied forces depend on the curvature of the wall and increase in the presence of concave features. Here we systematically investigate the forces exerted by swimming bacteria on microfabricated structures, where the radii of curvature can be varied parametrically. We find that these micro-sails are propelled with a speed that scales linearly with curvature and is directed from concave to convex side along the axis of symmetry. By solving the collision problem for microswimmers with aligning torque interactions, we demonstrate that, unlike spherical active particles, curvature mainly affects cell orientation during sliding, leading to greater normal thrust on the concave side and an net applied thrust that scales linearly with curvature. |
| title | Wall torque controls curvature-driven propulsion in bacterial baths |
| topic | Soft Condensed Matter Statistical Mechanics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.17021 |