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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Published: |
2025
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.20730 |
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| _version_ | 1866909554176950272 |
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| author | Diaz-Mejia, Juan Javier Williams, Elias Focsa, Octavian Mendonca, Dylan Singh, Swechha Innes, Brendan Cooper, Sam |
| author_facet | Diaz-Mejia, Juan Javier Williams, Elias Focsa, Octavian Mendonca, Dylan Singh, Swechha Innes, Brendan Cooper, Sam |
| contents | Many methods have been proposed for removing batch effects and aligning single-cell RNA (scRNA) datasets. However, performance is typically evaluated based on multiple parameters and few datasets, creating challenges in assessing which method is best for aligning data at scale. Here, we introduce the K-Neighbors Intersection (KNI) score, a single score that both penalizes batch effects and measures accuracy at cross-dataset cell-type label prediction alongside carefully curated small (scMARK) and large (scREF) benchmarks comprising 11 and 46 human scRNA studies respectively, where we have standardized author labels. Using the KNI score, we evaluate and optimize approaches for cross-dataset single-cell RNA integration. We introduce Batch Adversarial single-cell Variational Inference (BA-scVI), as a new variant of scVI that uses adversarial training to penalize batch-effects in the encoder and decoder, and show this approach outperforms other methods. In the resulting aligned space, we find that the granularity of cell-type groupings is conserved, supporting the notion that whole-organism cell-type maps can be created by a single model without loss of information. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2503_20730 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Benchmarking and optimizing organism wide single-cell RNA alignment methods Diaz-Mejia, Juan Javier Williams, Elias Focsa, Octavian Mendonca, Dylan Singh, Swechha Innes, Brendan Cooper, Sam Machine Learning Many methods have been proposed for removing batch effects and aligning single-cell RNA (scRNA) datasets. However, performance is typically evaluated based on multiple parameters and few datasets, creating challenges in assessing which method is best for aligning data at scale. Here, we introduce the K-Neighbors Intersection (KNI) score, a single score that both penalizes batch effects and measures accuracy at cross-dataset cell-type label prediction alongside carefully curated small (scMARK) and large (scREF) benchmarks comprising 11 and 46 human scRNA studies respectively, where we have standardized author labels. Using the KNI score, we evaluate and optimize approaches for cross-dataset single-cell RNA integration. We introduce Batch Adversarial single-cell Variational Inference (BA-scVI), as a new variant of scVI that uses adversarial training to penalize batch-effects in the encoder and decoder, and show this approach outperforms other methods. In the resulting aligned space, we find that the granularity of cell-type groupings is conserved, supporting the notion that whole-organism cell-type maps can be created by a single model without loss of information. |
| title | Benchmarking and optimizing organism wide single-cell RNA alignment methods |
| topic | Machine Learning |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.20730 |