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Orbital Modulation of Gamma-Rays Beyond 100 TeV from LS 5039

Fuente: arXiv

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Main Authors:	Alfaro, R., Araya, M., Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C., Rojas, D. Avila, Solares, H. A. Ayala, Babu, R., Bangale, P., Belmont-Moreno, E., Bernal, A., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Capistrán, T., Carramiñana, A., Casanova, S., Cotti, U., Cotzomi, J., de León, S. Coutiño, Depaoli, D., Desiati, P., Di Lalla, N., Hernandez, R. Diaz, Dingus, B. L., DuVernois, M. A., Engel, K., Ergin, T., Espinoza, C., Fan, K. L., Fang, K., García-González, J. A., Goksu, H., Muñoz, A. Gonzalez, González, J. A., González, M. M., Goodman, J. A., Groetsch, S., Harding, J. P., Hernández-Cadena, S., Herzog, I., Huang, D., Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, F., Hüntemeyer, P., Kaufmann, S., Kieda, D., Lara, A., Lee, J., Vargas, H. León, Linnemann, J. T., Longinotti, A. L., Luis-Raya, G., Malone, K., Martinez, O., Martínez-Castro, J., Matthews, J. A., Miranda-Romagnoli, P., Morales-Soto, J. A., Moreno, E., Mostafá, M., Najafi, M., Nellen, L., Nisa, M. U., Omodei, N., Ponce, E., Pérez, Y., Araujo, Pérez-Pérez, E. G., Rho, C. D., Parra, A. Rodriguez, Rosa-González, D., Roth, M., Salazar, H., Salazar-Gallegos, D., Sandoval, A., Schneider, M., Schwefer, G., Serna-Franco, J., Smith, A. J., Son, Y., Springer, R. W., Tibolla, O., Tollefson, K., Torres, I., Torres-Escobedo, R., Turner, R., Varela, E., Wang, X., Wang, Z., Watson, I. J., Wu, H., Yu, S., Yun-Cárcamo, S., Zhou, H., de León, C.
Format:	Preprint
Published:	2025
Subjects:	High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Online Access:	Acceder al recurso
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author	Alfaro, R. Araya, M. Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C. Rojas, D. Avila Solares, H. A. Ayala Babu, R. Bangale, P. Belmont-Moreno, E. Bernal, A. Caballero-Mora, K. S. Capistrán, T. Carramiñana, A. Casanova, S. Cotti, U. Cotzomi, J. de León, S. Coutiño Depaoli, D. Desiati, P. Di Lalla, N. Hernandez, R. Diaz Dingus, B. L. DuVernois, M. A. Engel, K. Ergin, T. Espinoza, C. Fan, K. L. Fang, K. García-González, J. A. Goksu, H. Muñoz, A. Gonzalez González, J. A. González, M. M. Goodman, J. A. Groetsch, S. Harding, J. P. Hernández-Cadena, S. Herzog, I. Huang, D. Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, F. Hüntemeyer, P. Kaufmann, S. Kieda, D. Lara, A. Lee, J. Vargas, H. León Linnemann, J. T. Longinotti, A. L. Luis-Raya, G. Malone, K. Martinez, O. Martínez-Castro, J. Matthews, J. A. Miranda-Romagnoli, P. Morales-Soto, J. A. Moreno, E. Mostafá, M. Najafi, M. Nellen, L. Nisa, M. U. Omodei, N. Ponce, E. Pérez, Y. Araujo Pérez-Pérez, E. G. Rho, C. D. Parra, A. Rodriguez Rosa-González, D. Roth, M. Salazar, H. Salazar-Gallegos, D. Sandoval, A. Schneider, M. Schwefer, G. Serna-Franco, J. Smith, A. J. Son, Y. Springer, R. W. Tibolla, O. Tollefson, K. Torres, I. Torres-Escobedo, R. Turner, R. Varela, E. Wang, X. Wang, Z. Watson, I. J. Wu, H. Yu, S. Yun-Cárcamo, S. Zhou, H. de León, C.
author_facet	Alfaro, R. Araya, M. Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C. Rojas, D. Avila Solares, H. A. Ayala Babu, R. Bangale, P. Belmont-Moreno, E. Bernal, A. Caballero-Mora, K. S. Capistrán, T. Carramiñana, A. Casanova, S. Cotti, U. Cotzomi, J. de León, S. Coutiño Depaoli, D. Desiati, P. Di Lalla, N. Hernandez, R. Diaz Dingus, B. L. DuVernois, M. A. Engel, K. Ergin, T. Espinoza, C. Fan, K. L. Fang, K. García-González, J. A. Goksu, H. Muñoz, A. Gonzalez González, J. A. González, M. M. Goodman, J. A. Groetsch, S. Harding, J. P. Hernández-Cadena, S. Herzog, I. Huang, D. Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, F. Hüntemeyer, P. Kaufmann, S. Kieda, D. Lara, A. Lee, J. Vargas, H. León Linnemann, J. T. Longinotti, A. L. Luis-Raya, G. Malone, K. Martinez, O. Martínez-Castro, J. Matthews, J. A. Miranda-Romagnoli, P. Morales-Soto, J. A. Moreno, E. Mostafá, M. Najafi, M. Nellen, L. Nisa, M. U. Omodei, N. Ponce, E. Pérez, Y. Araujo Pérez-Pérez, E. G. Rho, C. D. Parra, A. Rodriguez Rosa-González, D. Roth, M. Salazar, H. Salazar-Gallegos, D. Sandoval, A. Schneider, M. Schwefer, G. Serna-Franco, J. Smith, A. J. Son, Y. Springer, R. W. Tibolla, O. Tollefson, K. Torres, I. Torres-Escobedo, R. Turner, R. Varela, E. Wang, X. Wang, Z. Watson, I. J. Wu, H. Yu, S. Yun-Cárcamo, S. Zhou, H. de León, C.
contents	Gamma-ray binaries are systems composed of a compact object orbiting a massive companion star. The interaction between these two objects can drive relativistic outflows, either jets or winds, in which particles can be accelerated to energies reaching hundreds of tera-electronvolts (TeV). It is however still debated where and under which physical conditions particles are accelerated in these objects and ultimately whether protons can be accelerated up to PeV energies. Among the well-known gamma-ray binaries, LS 5039 is a high-mass X-ray binary (HMXB) with an orbital period of 3.9 days that has been observed up to TeV energies by the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.). In this work, we present new observations of LS 5039 obtained with the High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) observatory. Our data reveal that the gamma-ray spectrum of LS 5039 extends up to 200 TeV with no apparent spectral cut-off. Furthermore, we confirm, with a confidence level of 4.7σ, that the emission between 2 TeV and 118 TeV is modulated by the orbital motion of the system, which indicates that these photons are likely produced within or near the binary orbit where they can undergo absorption by the stellar photons. In a leptonic scenario, the highest energy photons detected by HAWC can be emitted by ~200 TeV electrons inverse Compton scattering stellar photons, which would require an extremely efficient acceleration mechanism operating within LS 5039. Alternatively, a hadronic scenario could explain the data through proton-proton or proton-γ collisions of protons accelerated to peta-electronvolt (PeV) energies.
format	Preprint
id	arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2503_20947
institution	arXiv
publishDate	2025
record_format	arxiv
spellingShingle	Orbital Modulation of Gamma-Rays Beyond 100 TeV from LS 5039 Alfaro, R. Araya, M. Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C. Rojas, D. Avila Solares, H. A. Ayala Babu, R. Bangale, P. Belmont-Moreno, E. Bernal, A. Caballero-Mora, K. S. Capistrán, T. Carramiñana, A. Casanova, S. Cotti, U. Cotzomi, J. de León, S. Coutiño Depaoli, D. Desiati, P. Di Lalla, N. Hernandez, R. Diaz Dingus, B. L. DuVernois, M. A. Engel, K. Ergin, T. Espinoza, C. Fan, K. L. Fang, K. García-González, J. A. Goksu, H. Muñoz, A. Gonzalez González, J. A. González, M. M. Goodman, J. A. Groetsch, S. Harding, J. P. Hernández-Cadena, S. Herzog, I. Huang, D. Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, F. Hüntemeyer, P. Kaufmann, S. Kieda, D. Lara, A. Lee, J. Vargas, H. León Linnemann, J. T. Longinotti, A. L. Luis-Raya, G. Malone, K. Martinez, O. Martínez-Castro, J. Matthews, J. A. Miranda-Romagnoli, P. Morales-Soto, J. A. Moreno, E. Mostafá, M. Najafi, M. Nellen, L. Nisa, M. U. Omodei, N. Ponce, E. Pérez, Y. Araujo Pérez-Pérez, E. G. Rho, C. D. Parra, A. Rodriguez Rosa-González, D. Roth, M. Salazar, H. Salazar-Gallegos, D. Sandoval, A. Schneider, M. Schwefer, G. Serna-Franco, J. Smith, A. J. Son, Y. Springer, R. W. Tibolla, O. Tollefson, K. Torres, I. Torres-Escobedo, R. Turner, R. Varela, E. Wang, X. Wang, Z. Watson, I. J. Wu, H. Yu, S. Yun-Cárcamo, S. Zhou, H. de León, C. High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Gamma-ray binaries are systems composed of a compact object orbiting a massive companion star. The interaction between these two objects can drive relativistic outflows, either jets or winds, in which particles can be accelerated to energies reaching hundreds of tera-electronvolts (TeV). It is however still debated where and under which physical conditions particles are accelerated in these objects and ultimately whether protons can be accelerated up to PeV energies. Among the well-known gamma-ray binaries, LS 5039 is a high-mass X-ray binary (HMXB) with an orbital period of 3.9 days that has been observed up to TeV energies by the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.). In this work, we present new observations of LS 5039 obtained with the High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) observatory. Our data reveal that the gamma-ray spectrum of LS 5039 extends up to 200 TeV with no apparent spectral cut-off. Furthermore, we confirm, with a confidence level of 4.7σ, that the emission between 2 TeV and 118 TeV is modulated by the orbital motion of the system, which indicates that these photons are likely produced within or near the binary orbit where they can undergo absorption by the stellar photons. In a leptonic scenario, the highest energy photons detected by HAWC can be emitted by ~200 TeV electrons inverse Compton scattering stellar photons, which would require an extremely efficient acceleration mechanism operating within LS 5039. Alternatively, a hadronic scenario could explain the data through proton-proton or proton-γ collisions of protons accelerated to peta-electronvolt (PeV) energies.
title	Orbital Modulation of Gamma-Rays Beyond 100 TeV from LS 5039
topic	High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
url	https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.20947